Page 187 - DSOC404_METHODOLOGY_OF_SOCIAL_RESEARCH_HINDI

bdkbZµ19% voyksdu fof/

8- vè;;udrkZ dh oqQ'kyrk esa o`f¼ (Increase in Skillness of observer)µ,d yacs le; rd lewg uksV
esa jgus ,oa mldh fØ;kvksa esa Hkkx ysus osQ dkj.k vè;;udrkZ vuqHkoh ,oa oqQ'ky gks tkrk gS] mlesa izR;sd
fLFkfr dks le>us dh {kerk iSnk gks tkrh gSA
9- Lo;a voyksdudrkZ lkeqnkf;d thou dk ,d niZ.k (Observer Himself is a mirror of
Community Life)µlgHkkxh voyksdudrkZ LFkkuh; lewg osQ lkFk bruk ?kqy&fey tkrk gS fd og Lo;a Hkh
lewg osQ vU; lnL;ksa dh Hkk¡fr O;ogkj djus yxrk gS] mldk O;ogkj voyksfdr fd, x, lewg dk izfrfufèkRo
djrk gSA vr% mlosQ O;ogkj ls gh lewg osQ ckjs esa dbZ lwpuk,¡ izdV gks tkrh gSaA

mi;qZDr xq.kksa osQ vfrfjDr lgHkkxh voyksdu osQ oqQN vkSj ykHk Hkh gSa] tSls (i) blesa mÙkjnkrkvksa dh laosxkRed
fLFkfr;ksa dks ljyrk ls le>k tk ldrk gS] (ii) voyksdudrkZ laosnu'khy iz'uksa osQ mÙkj Hkh Kkr dj ldrk
gS] (iii) blesa HkkoukRed ,oa xq.kkRed rF;ksa dk fo'ys"k.k ljyrk ls fd;k tk ldrk gS] (iv) laxzghr rF;ksa
dks vafdr djuk ljy gksrk gS] (v) blesa voyksdudrkZ dh fuxkgsa vfèkd lw{e ,oa iSuh gks tkrh gSa] (vi) de
le; esa bl fofèk }kjk vfèkd tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA

19-4 lgHkkxh voyksdu osQ nks"k ,oa lhek,¡
(Demerits and Limitations of Participant Observation)

lgHkkxh voyksdu osQ dbZ ykHkksa osQ gksrs gq, Hkh og ,d iw.kZ fo'oluh; ,oa oSKkfud fofèk ugha dgh tk
ldrh D;ksafd bldh fo'oluh; lhek,¡ ;k dfe;k¡ Hkh gSa%

1- iw.kZ lgHkkfxrk laHko ugha (Full Participation Impossible)µ,e-,u- clq dgrs gSa] ¶,d {ks=kh;
dk;ZdrkZ oqQN O;kogkfjd dkj.kksa ls] vè;;u fd, tkus okys leqnk; osQ thou esa dHkh Hkh iw.kZr;k Hkkx ugha
ys ldrkA¸ clq dk ;g dFku iw.kZr;k lR; gS D;kasfd oSQfn;ksa ;k os';kvksa osQ vè;;u esa vè;;udrkZ muosQ
eè; jg rks ldrk gS ¯drq mudh eukso`fÙk;kas] vknrksa vkfn dks vius esa fodflr djuk dfBu gSA blh izdkj
ls tutkfr;ksa osQ vè;;u osQ nkSjku muosQ jhfr&fjoktksa osQ vuqlkj gh jguk ,d vè;;udrkZ osQ fy, lkekU;r%
laHko ugha gSA bu dfBukb;ksa osQ dkj.k gh xMsu vkSj g"kZdksfoV~l tSls vesfjdu lekt&oSKkfud bl izfofèk dks
vO;kogkfjd ekurs gSaA

uksV~l yqaMcxZ dk er gS fd laLrj.k okys leqnk; eas Hkh ;g fofèk mi;ksxh ugha gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ,d
O;fDr gfjtu cLrh esa jgdj mldk lgHkkxh vè;;u djrk gS] ¯drq ;fn ogh O;fDr czkã.k cLrh
esa tkdj Hkh vè;;u djuk pkgs rks yksx mls viukus ,oa lwpuk nsus ls euk dj ldrs gSaA

2- oS"kf;drk dk vHkko (Lack of Objectivity)µvè;;u fd, tkus okys lewg esa fuokl djus osQ dkj.k
vè;;udrkZ esa lewg osQ izfr oiQknkjh] vkReh;rk] lg;ksx ,oa yxko dh Hkkouk mRiUu gks tkrh gS] vr% og
fu"i{krkiwoZd rF;ksa dk ladyu ugh adj ikrk gSA ,d rVLFk voyksdudrkZ osQ LFkku ij og vius dks ,d
oxZ dk lnL; ekuus yxrk gS] mldk oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k lekIr gks tkrk gS vkSj og ?kVukvksa dks vfrjaftr :i
esa ns[kus yxrk gSA xqMs ,oa gkV us lp gh dgk gS] ¶ftruk vfèkd og HkkokRed :i ls lgHkkxh curk gS] mruk
gh mldh oS"kf;drk] tks mldh ,dek=k fo'kky laifÙk gS] u"V gks tkrh gSA¸

3- lewg osQ O;ogkj esa ifjorZu (Change in Group Behaviour)µdbZ ckj vè;;udrkZ lewg esa
egÙoiw.kZ in izkIr dj ysrk gS vkSj og Lo;a gh lewg osQ yksxksa osQ O;ogkjksa dks izHkkfor ,oa ifjo£rr djus

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