Page 232 - DSOC404_METHODOLOGY_OF_SOCIAL_RESEARCH_HINDI

lkekftd 'kks/ dh i¼fr

uksV

VkLd lkaf[;dh; ekè; fdls dgrs gSa\ foLrkjiwoZd o.kZu djsaA

27-3 ekè;ksa osQ izdkj (Types of Averages)

loZJh ?kks"k vkSj pkS/jh (Ghosh and Chaudhry) us ekè;ksa osQ vxzfyf[kr izdkjksa dk mYys[k fd;k
gSµ
I. fLFkfr ekè; (Average of Position)
(1) cgqyd (Mode)

(2) eè;kad (Median)
II. xf.krh; ekè; (Mathematical Averages)
(1) lekUrj ekè; (Arithmetic Averages or Mean)

(2) T;kferh; ;k xq.kksÙkj ekè; (Geometric Mean)
(3) gjkRed ekè; (Harmonic Mean)
(4) lehZdj.k ekè; (Quadratic Mean)
III. vU; O;kogkfjd ekè; (Other of Business Averages)

(1) Hkzfer ekè; (Moving Average)
(2) izxfr'khy ekè; (Progressive Average)
mijksDr izdkj osQ ekè;ksa esa ls osQoy mUgha fo"k; esa foospuk djsaxs ftudk fd lkekftd vuqlUèkku&dk;Z
ls rF;ksa osQ fo'ys"k.k o O;k[;k osQ fy, fo'ks"k :i esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

lekUrj ekè; (Arithmetic Average or Mean)

loZJh ?kks"k rFkk pkS/jh osQ vuqlkj] ^^lekUrj ekè; ftls fd lekUrj ekè; ;k osQoy ekè; Hkh dgrs
gSa og ifj.kke gS tks fd fdlh py (variable) esa inksa osQ ewY;ksa osQ ;ksx dks mudh la[;k ls Hkkx
nsdj izkIr gksrk gSA**

mijksDr ifjHkk"kk ls ;g Li"V gS fd lekUrj ekè; okLro esa vkSlr fudkyuk gS ftlosQ fo"k; esa NksVh
d{kkvksa osQ fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks i<+k;k tkrk gSA ;fn gesa izR;sd bdkbZ dk ewY; vyx&vyx ekywe gS rks
lekUrj ekè; ;k vkSlr fudkyus osQ fy, mu lHkh bdkb;ksa dks tksM+dj bdkb;ksa dh la[;k ls Hkkx ns
nsaxsA Hkkx nsus ls tks ifj.kke izkIr gksxk mls vkSlr ;k lekUrj ekè; dgrs gSaA bl izdkj ;g Li"V gS
fd lekUrj ekè; dh fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaµ
(v) lekUrj ekè; oqQy inksa osQ eki osQ ;ksx dks inksa dh la[;k ls Hkkx nsdj fudkyk tkrk gSA

(c) blesa leLr in ewY;ksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ leLr inksa dks leku egÙo fn;k tkrk
gSA fdlh ewY; dh u rks mis{kk dh tkrh gS vkSj u egÙo fn;k tkrk gSA in dh x.kuk osQoy
,d ckj gksrh gSA

(l) ;fn lekUrj ekè; rFkk inksa dh la[;k Kkr gks rks oqQy inksa dk okLrfod ;ksx tkuk tk ldrk
gSA blh izdkj inksa dh la[;k Hkh tkuh tk ldrh gSA

(n) lekUrj ekè; vko`fÙk;ksa ij fuHkZj ugha jgrk cfYd leLr inksa osQ ewY; ij fuHkZj jgrk gSA

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