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Essentials of Organisation Behaviour/Organisation Behaviour

Notes information and to act as a spokesperson and decisional roles such as taking initiative, handling
disagreement, allocating resources and negotiating. The main functions of managers are:

1.2.1 Management Functions

Henri Fayol proposed that all managers are required to perform five management functions in
order to execute their day-to-day activities. They are: planning, organizing, commanding, Leading
and controlling.
1. Planning: The planning function involves the process of defining goals, establishing
strategy for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate
activities.
2. Organizing: It includes the process of determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do
them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom at what level decisions are
made.
3. Commanding: It is the influencing of people so that they will contribute to organization
and group goals.

4. Leading involves motivating, communicating employees to accomplish goals and objectives
of an organization
5. Controlling: It is the measuring and correcting of activities of subordinates to ensure that
events conform to plans. It measure performance against goals and plans, shows negative
deviations exit and by putting in motion actions to correct deviation, helps ensure
accomplishment of plans.

Planning

It is a process that involves defining the organization's objectives or goals, establishing an
overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive hierarchy of plans
to integrate and coordinate activities. It is concerned with both what is to be done (ends) as well
as how it is to be done (means). The purposes of the planning are:
1. It establishes coordinated effort. It gives direction to managers and non- managers alike.
2. It reduces uncertainty by forcing managers to look ahead, anticipate change, consider the
impact of change and develop appropriate response
3. It reduces overlapping and wasteful activities.
4. It establishes objectives or standards that are used in controlling.

Planning Process

The following four steps of planning process can be adapted to all activities at all organizational
levels.
Step 1: Establish a goal or set of goals: Planning begins with decision about what the organization
or department wants to achieve. Identifying priorities and being specific about their aims are
key factors in planning.
Step 2: Define the present situations: The current state of affairs has to be analyzed considering
the availability of resources and the goals to be achieved before drawing up the planning
process.

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