Page 246 - DMGT106_MANAGING_HUMAN_ELEMENTS_AT_WORK

Managing Human Element at Work

Notes An understanding of all of these issues is critical for us not only in helping our adjustment
to the role we have been hired to play in the organization, but also in our continued ability
to anticipate, understand, and cope with behaviour within the organization.
Self-management as a treatment intended to bring about specific outcomes: “a treatment that
combines biological, psychological and social intervention techniques, with a goal of maximal
functioning of regulatory processes”
Supporting self-management means providing information and encouragement to help
people maintain greater control by understanding their condition and being able to monitor
and take appropriate action. Interventions to support self-management can be used at
different points of the health continuum, from those who do not have a long term condition
through to those who are living with severe and multiple long term conditions.

11.1 Self-Management

Self-management is defined as efforts by an individual to control his or her own behaviour.
Specifically, self-management involves assessing problems, establishing goals, monitoring
time and environmental issues that may hinder the accomplishment of those goals, and the
use of reinforcement and punishment to regulate goal progress and attainment. By training
individuals to evaluate, monitor, and regulate themselves, they become responsible and
accountable for their own progress and performance, and essentially, become “self-managers”.
Self-management involves specific steps (see Table 11.1). The first step in self-management
training is to conduct a self-assessment. Through this stage, an individual discovers what the
problems are which stand between the individual and the goals that he or she wants to
accomplish. This discovery leads to the second step of establishing and committing to
specific goals. If the individual does not set and commit to these goals, the next step, self-
monitoring, will have little impact on an individual’s behaviour. Self-monitoring involves
an active monitoring by the individual of his or her own time and environmental
management, and the identification of issues or situations that may prevent an individual
from reaching his or her goals. The fourth and final step in self-management training is the
self-evaluation stage, wherein the individual evaluates the success of his or her plan, and
refines his or her tactics if necessary.

Table 11.1: Stages of Self-Management

Stage of Self-Management Purpose of Stage
Self-Assessment Determine what obstacles stand between
the individual and his/her goals.

Goal Setting Individual must set and commit to goals
he/she wishes to accomplish.

Self-Monitoring Active monitoring of environmental
situations that may keep the individual
from reaching his/her goals.
Self-Evaluation Individual evaluates his/her progress.

Self-management relates to the task include gaining confidence to deal
with medical management, role management and emotional management.

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