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Unit 3: Performance Planning

3. Task and target identifi cation Notes

4. Goal setting exercises
5. Organizational objectives and strategy
6. Assessment of organizational performance needs
7. Setting organizational performance expectations
8. Establishing performance management process
9. Measuring effective of performance management

1. Key Performance Area: Key performance area includes the identification of priority area to

an employee and subsequent working on the specified area. The process of key performance
area involves the following steps:
(a) Identification of important task and activities

(b) Determining the area of priority
(c) Setting goals in the identifi ed area
(d) Seeking the employee’s commitment for identifi ed work

(e) Making arrangements for required resources
2. Key Results Area: The term key results area may be defined as general area of outcomes

for which a role is responsible. Identifying KRAs helps individual employees in a number
ways as enumerated here:
(a) Clarify their roles.
(b) Align their roles to the organization’s business or strategic plan.
(c) Focus on results rather than activities.

(d) Communicate their role’s purposes to others.
(e) Set goals and objectives.
(f) Priorities their activities, and therefore improve their time/work management.
(g) Make value-added decision.

Key results area areas capture about 80 percent of a work role. The remainder of the role is
usually devoted to areas of shared responsibility.

Example: ‘Image of the organization is usually a very senior official’s key result

area, but hopefully all employees contribute to this outcome.
Key results area are worded using as few terms as possible, with no verbs, that is, abut
results, not actions, and no direction/measurement. They simply describe the areas for
which one is responsible for results.
Individuals undertake the following steps to determine the KRAs for their roles:

(a) Enlist main day-to-day responsibilities/activities.
(b) For each activity, ask ‘Why do I do this?’
(c) Review the answers to ‘why’ questions, looking for common themes or areas.
(d) Identify KRAs from these themes.

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