Page 100 - DMGT518_TRAINING_AND_DEVELOPMENT_SYSTEM

Unit 6: Learning Theories

Notes
e-Learning for Visually Impaired
Notes

Realising the lack of infrastructure and appropriate computer teaching methodology for
the visually impaired students, the Department of Education of Groups with Special Needs
(DEGSN) of National Council of Education Research and Training (NCERT), in technical
collaboration with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
(UNESCO) organised training workshop on braille computer system technology.
The special feature of the programme was introduction of braille display terminals which
will help the visually impaired students to learn, apply and explore all the computer
software applications including the Internet and e-mail.
Lack of proper e-learning methodology has been a hindrance in the growth of special
children. Due to their disability, many among them are unable to pursue higher studies
abroad, avail facilities of the Internet or even work smoothly on the computer for their
requirements. One of the greatest success of this programme is that it will make virtual
learning easy for them as they can access the Internet and e-mail.
Braille computer system has opened the gateway for virtually impaired students to compete
at the international level. This new way of e-learning will also help in improving the
pronunciations and spellings of the visually impaired students.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
13. ………………. is the art and science of helping adults to learn.
14. Learning in an adult is facilitated by comfortable physical environment and ………………
climate.
15. According to behavioural scientists, effective learning takes place through ...........................

6.5 Summary

 Learning occurs within each individual as a continual process throughout life.

 Learning theory may be described as a body of principles advocated by psychologists and
educators to explain how people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes.

 The various learning theories are: Behaviourism theory, Cognitive theory, Combined
approach and Facilitation theory.
 A consideration of why people forget may point the way to help them remember. Several
theories account for forgetting, including disuse, interference, and repression.
 Modern work on human learning and memory focuses on the cognitive processes people
use in storing and retrieving information.
 Transfer of learning refers to how much or how well the new knowledge, skills, and
attitudes acquired during training actually result in on-the-job behaviour change.

 Learning principles are the guidelines to the ways in which people learn must effectively.
These principles are participation, repetition, relevance, transference, and feedback.

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