Page 249 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr

uksV 13-2 lekurk osQ fofo/ vk;ke (Dimensions of Equality)

Lora=krk lekurk vk/qfud ;qx osQ izeq[k ;qx osQ izeq[k jktuhfrd vkn'kZ gSaA izQkalhlh Økafr (1789) osQ rhu
vkn'kZ Fksµ^Lora=krk] lekurk] ca/qRo* (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity) ftUgksaus vk/qfud fparu dh
fn'kk esa izsj.kk&'kfDr dk dke fd;kA Lora=krk osQ mUuk;dksa us lkearoknh 'kfDr;ksa dks fparu dh fn'kk esa
izsj.kk&'kfDr dk dke fd;kA Lora=krk osQ mUuk;dksa us lkearoknh 'kfDr;ksa dks ijkLr djosQ ,d u, ;qx dk
lw=kikr fd;kA ijarq tc vkjafHkd mnkjokfn;ksa us Lora=krk osQ fopkj {ks=k dks eqDr ck”kkj vFkZO;oLFkk (Free
Market Economy) osQ ewy fl¼kar osQ :i esa lhfer dj fn;k vkSj lekt esa u, vlarqyu iSnk gks x,]
rc lekurk osQ vkn'kZ us bl vlarqyu dks nwj djus dk chM+h mBk;kA ,slh vk'kk dh tkrh Fkh fd lekt esa
lekurk LFkkfir gks tkus osQ ckn ca/qRo dh Hkkouk vius&vki fodflr gks tk,xhA

lerk (;k lekurk) vkSj fo"kerk (Equality and Inequality) dh leL;k vkfndky ls gh jktuhfrd
fparu dh eq[; leL;k jgh gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] vjLrq us dgk Fkk fd fo"kerk vusd jkT;ksa esa fonzksg
(Rebellion) dk dkj.k fl¼ gksrh gSA ijarq lerk vkSj fo"kerk osQ ekunaM izR;sd ;qx esa cnyrs jgrs gSaA
vk/qfud ;qx esa lekurk osQ fl¼kar dh lcls roZQlaxr ifjHkk"kk nsus dk iz;Ru fd;k x;k gSA oqQN Hkh gks]
lekurk dk fopkj ,d tfVy fopkj gS vkSj dHkh&dHkh bldk fojks/ djus okys blosQ ,sls&,sls vFkZ
yxkrs gSa tks blosQ leFkZdksa osQ eu esas ugha gksrsA vr% 'kq:&'kq: esa blosQ ckjs esa iSQyh gqbZ Hkzkafr;ksa dks nwj
djuk t:jh gSA
lekurk vf/dkj dk fooj.k nsrh gS] rF; dk ugha (Equality as a Statement of Right, Not
of Fact)

lcls igys ;g Li"V dj nsuk t:jh gS fd lekurk ,d ,slk rRo gS ftldh ek¡x dh tkrh gSµtSls fdlh
vf/dkj dh ek¡x dh tkrh gSA ;g ,slk xq.k ugha ftldk ge fooj.k ns jgs gksaA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ge ;g dgrs
gSa fd euq";ksa osQ lkFk lekurk dk crkZo gksuk pkfg,_ ;g ugha dgrs fd euq"; okLro esa leku gSaA gk¡]
dHkh&dHkh ge yk{kf.kd vFkZ esa euq";ksa dh lekurk dh ckr vko'; djrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ge ;g dgrs
gSa fd ¶lc euq"; tUe ls leku gSa¸ ;k ¶bZ'oj us lc euq";ksa dks leku cuk;k gS¸_ ;k ;g dgrs gSa fd ¶euq";
,d foosd'khy izk.kh gS vkSj bl n`f"V ls lc euq"; leku gSaA¸ bu lc ckrksa dk vfHkizk; ;g gksrk gS fd lc
euq";ksa dks leku vf/dkj izkIr gksus pkfg,A ge ;g nkok ugha djrs fd lc euq";ksa dh 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld
{kerk,¡] lqanjrk ;k izfrHkk bR;kfn leku ;k cjkcj gSaA

dHkh&dHkh euq";ksa dh lekurk ij cy nsus osQ fy, ge mudh oqQN izdV lekurkvksa vkSj vlekurkvksa dk
mYys[k Hkh djrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ge ;g roZQ nsrs gSa fd euq";ksa dh Ropk dk jax Hkys gh vyx&vyx
gks] muosQ [kwu dk jax rks ,d gh gSA izÑfr us fHkUu&fHkUu tkfr;ksa dks fHkUu&fHkUu rÙoksa ls ugha cuk;kA dksbZ
tM+h&cwVh ;k vkS"kf/ lc euq";ksa ij ,d&tSlk izHkko Mkyrh gS_ og xksjs&dkys esa dksbZ Hksn ugha djrhA v'osr
euq"; dk jDr lewg (Blood Group) 'osr euq"; ls fey ldrk gS vkSj og jDrnku djosQ 'osr euq"; dks
u;k thou ns ldrk gS ;k us=knku djosQ mldh [kksbZ gqbZ n`f"V dks ykSVk ldrk gSA fiQj ge ;g Hkh dgrs gSa
fd euq";ksa osQ :i&jax Hkys gh vyx&vyx gksa] ijarq mudh 'kkjhfjd] ekufld vkSj ckSf¼d vko';drk,¡ rks
,d&tSlh gSa] blfy, euq";&euq"; esa dksbZ HksnHkko djuk mfpr ugha gSA bl rjg ge dHkh&dHkh fdlh izdV
lekurk osQ vk/kj ij euq";ksa dh cqfu;knh lekurk LFkkfir djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA oqQN Hkh gks] lekurk
fo'okl djus dh ph”k gS] <w¡<+us vkSj ikus dh ph”k ugha gSA

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