Page 254 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: ck”kkj ,oa yksddY;k.k

^foijhr HksnHkko* ls lacaf/r fookn (Debate on Reverse Discrimination) uksV
fiNys fnuksa la;qDr jkT; vejhdk esa lekurk osQ fl¼kar ls tqM+s gq, fookn osQ varxZr ^foijhr HksnHkko* dk iz'u
mB [kM+k gqvkA bldk eq[; eqn~nk ;g Fkk fd tc fdUgha oafpr lewgksa (Deprived Sections) dks ykHk
igq¡pkus osQ fy, ^ldkjkRed dkjZokbZ* (Affirmative Action) dh tkrh gS] vFkkZr~ tc ukSdfj;ksa ;k mPp
f'k{kk osQ voljksa osQ vkcaVu esa muosQ lkFk ojh;rk dk crkZo (Preferential Treatment) fd;k tkrk gS
rks blesa vU; lewgksa osQ izfr ^HksnHkko* fufgr gksrk gSA vr% ;g roZQ fn;k tkrk gS fd ;fn lekurk dk vFkZ
^HksnHkko dk fujkdj.k* (Removal of Discrimination) gS rks lekurk osQ uke ij iqjkus HksnHkko dks foijhr
fn'kk esa eksM+ nsus dk dksbZ vkSfpR; ugha gSA D;k v'osr tkfr;ksa vkSj fL=k;ksa dks ukSdfj;ksa vkSj mPp f'k{kk osQ nqyZHk
ikB~;Øeksa esa izos'k osQ le;µfo'ks"kr% fpfdRlk vkSj dkuwu osQ {ks=kksa esaµblfy, ojh;rk nh tk, D;ksafd vrhr
esa mUgsa ,sls volj ugha fey ik,\ eryc ;g fd vrhr esa tkfr (Race) vkSj fyax (Sex) osQ vk/kj ij ftu
lewgksa osQ lkFk HksnHkko cjrk x;k gS] D;k mudh {kfriwfrZ (Compensation) osQ fy, vc mlh roZQ 'kwU;
vk/kj ij vU; lewgksa osQ lkFk HksnHkko cjruk mfpr gksxk\ okLro esa ^foijhr HksnHkko* dk eqn~nk mu yksxksa dh
vksj ls f'kdk;r osQ :i esa mBk;k tkrk gS ftUgsa vkt dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ^volj dh lekurk* (Equality
of Opportunity) ls oafpr fd;k tk jgk gSA
ldkjkRed dkjZokbZ (Affirmative Action)
og dkjZokbZ ftlesa yksxksa dks fu;qfDr] inksUufr ;k f'k{kk laLFkkvksa esa izos'k bR;kfn iznku djrs le; fdlh fiNM+s
gq, lewg dks (tSls fd fL=k;ksa] v'osr yksxksa ;k fdlh vU; oafpr lewg dks) fo'ks"k fj;k;r (Concession)
nh tkrh gS rkfd vrhr esa mlosQ lkFk tks vU;k; gqvk gS] mldh {kfr iwjh dh tk losQA

oafpr lewgksa osQ fy, ^ldkjkRed dkjZokbZ* osQ i{k esa vusd nyhysa nh tkrh gSa%

(d) blosQ oqQN leFkZd bls ^{kfriwjd U;k;* (Compensatory Justice) dh n`f"V ls mfpr
Bgjkrs gSaA bl roZQ osQ vuqlkj vrhr esa v'osr tkfr;ksa vkSj fL=k;ksa osQ lkFk tks vU;k;iw.kZ HksnHkko
cjrk x;k gS] mldh HkjikbZ osQ fy, vc mUgsa mUufr osQ voljksa esa ojh;rk nh tkuh pkfg,_

([k) oqQN yksx ;g roZQ nsrs gSa fd bu lewgksa osQ izfr ojh;rk dk crkZo ;FkkFkZ lekurk osQ y{; dh
iwfrZ esa lgk;d gksxkA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] v'osr MkWDVjksa vkSj fof/osÙkkvksa dh la[;k c<+ tkus ls
'osr tkfr;ksa osQ lkFk mudh lekurk dk Bksl izek.k fey losQxk_ vkSj var esa]

(x) oqQN yksx ;g nkok djrs gSa fd mUufr osQ volj nqyZHk gksus osQ dkj.k mudk vkcaVu osQoy
;ksX;rk (Merit) osQ vuqlkj ugha gksuk pkfg,] cfYd blesa ;ksX;rk osQ lkFk&lkFk vko';drk
(Need) dks Hkh è;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg,A oafpr lewgksa dh vko';drk bruh izcy gS fd mUgsa
U;wure vko';d ;ksX;rk izkIr gksus ij ukSdfj;ksa vkSj 'kSf{kd voljksa esa ojh;rk feyuh pkfg,
rkfd mUgsa vU; 'kfDr'kkyh lewgksa osQ lkFk izfrLi/kZ u djuh iM+sA

^ldkjkRed dkjZokbZ* osQ fojks/h Hkh vius n`f"Vdks.k dh iqf"V osQ fy, vusd roZQ nsrs gSa%
(d) uo&:f<+okn (Neo-Conservatism) osQ leFkZd ;g ekurs gSa fd lekt esa lekurk osQ
fl¼kar dks osQoy ^volj dh lekurk* osQ Lrj ij ykxw fd;k tk ldrk gSA ^ldkjkRed
dkjZokbZ* osQ }kjk lekt esa v{kj'k% lekurk (Literal Equality) LFkkfir djus dk iz;Ru
fouk'kdkjh gksxk D;ksafd og ;ksX;rk] mRÑ"Vrk (Excellence)] ekU; lÙkk (Authority) vkSj
xfjek (Dignity) dh uhao dks [kks[kyk dj nsxk tks fd lkekftd fLFkjrk (Social Stability)
vkSj izxfr (Progress) osQ vk/kj&rRo gSaA

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