Page 256 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: ck”kkj ,oa yksddY;k.k

(Creamy Layer) dksµvFkkZr~ vis{kkÑr Å¡ps Lrjksa ;k vf/d laiUu Lrjksa dksµvkj{k.k (Reservation) osQ uksV
nk;js ls ckgj j[kus dh O;oLFkk dh gS rkfd bldk ykHk lpeqp mi;qDr Lrjksa rd igq¡p losQA fiQj] ubZ ih<+h
dks fujk'kk vkSj izksRlkgughurk ls cpkus osQ fy, ;g fopkj Hkh ”kksj idM+us yxk gS fd fiNM+s oxks± osQ 'kSf{kd
fodkl osQ fy, rks lkoZtfud fuf/ (Public Fund) ls Hkjiwj lgk;rk vkSj lqfo/k,¡ miyC/ djkbZ tk,¡] ijarq
tc os mi;qDr ;ksX;rk izkIr dj ysa] rc mUgsa lkekU; Jsf.k;ksa osQ lkFk ;ksX;rk osQ vk/kj ij eqdkcyk djus fn;k
tk,A oLrqr% ^foijhr HksnHkko* dk iz'u ,d tfVy leL;k gS ftlosQ lek/ku osQ fy, cgqr lko/kuh osQ lkFk
vkxs c<+uk gksxkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkku Hkjsa (Fill in the blanks)–
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1- U;k;iw.kZ lekt dks yksxksa dks U;wure fLFkfr;k¡ t:j eqgS;k djkuh pkfg,A
--------- ---------
2- iz.kkyh miHkksDrk osQ rkSj ij T;knk nsrh gSA
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3- fiNM+s oxks± osQ 'kSf{kd fodkl osQ fy, ls lgk;rk miyC/ djkbZ tkuh pkfg,A
lekurk osQ fl¼kar dks lkekftd thou osQ fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa ykxw fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ge
lekurk osQ dkuwuh] jktuhfrd vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd vk;keksa dh ppkZ djrs gSaA okLro esa ;s lHkh vk;ke
,d&nwljs osQ lkFk fudV ls twM+s gSaA ns[kk tk, rks lekurk osQ fl¼kar dks fofHkUu dks.kksa esa ns[kus ij Hkh eq[;r%
mlosQ ;gh vk;ke gekjs lkeus vkrs gSaA
dkuwuh lekurk (Legal Equality)

vk/qfud ;qx osQ vkjaHk esa lekurk dh ek¡x igys&igy dkuwuh lekurk osQ :i esa mBkbZ xbZ FkhA bldk vFkZ
;g Fkk fd lekt esa lHkh O;fDr;ksa dks tUe] nSfgd ;k ekufld {kerkvksa rFkk vU; fHkUurkvksa osQ ckotwn leku
dkuwuh gSfl;r (Equal Legal Status) iznku dh tk,A ts-ts- :lks us viuh fo[;kr Ñfr ^n lks'ky
dkaVSªDV* (lkekftd vuqca/) (1762) osQ varxZr fy[kk Fkk fd lHkh ukxfjdksa dks dkuwuh lekurk iznku djuk
ukxfjd lekt (Civil Society) dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk gSA mlosQ vuqlkj] izÑfr us euq";ksa esa ckgq&cy ;k
cqf¼&cy dh tks fo"kerk (Inequality) iSnk dj nh gS] lkekftd vuqca/ mlesa dksbZ NsM+NkM ugha djrk] ijarq
dkuwuh vf/dkj (Legal Right) dh n`f"V ls og mUgsa leku ;k led{k cuk nsrk gSA vusZLV ckoZQj us viuh
izfl¼ Ñfr ^fizafliYl vkWI+kQ lks'ky ,aM iksfyfVdy F;ksjh* (lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd fl¼kar&rRo) (1951)
osQ varxZr fy[kk gS% ¶jkT; dk ewy fl¼kar ;g gS fd og gesa dkuwuh O;fDrRo osQ ,d&tSls eq[kkSVs iguk nsrk
gSA geesa pkgs tks Hkh fHkUurk,¡ jgh gksa] dkuwu osQ le{k ge lcdk egÙo ,d&ftruk gksrk gSA vr% lekurk
osQ fl¼kar dk vFkZ ;g gS fd eq>s vf/dkjksa osQ :i esa tks Hkh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ iznku dh tkrh gSa] os mruh gh ek=kk
esa nwljksa dks Hkh iznku dh tk,axh vkSj tks vf/dkj nwljksas dks fn, tkrs gSa] os eq>s Hkh fn, tk,¡xsA¸

vkt osQ ;qx esa dkuwuh lekurk osQ fl¼kar dks LokHkkfod :i ls ekU;rk nh tkrh gS] ijarq bls ;g ekU;rk izkIr
gksus esa dbZ ;qx yxs gSaA izkphu lektksa esa dkuwuh lekurk dk fopkj loZFkk vKkr FkkA mnkgj.k osQ fy,]
euqLe`fr osQ varxZr ,d gh vijk/ osQ ekeys esa fofHkUu o.kks± (Castes) osQ fy, fHkUu&fHkUu naM dh
O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS] vFkkZr~ vijk/h dh tkfr ftruh uhph gksxh] mldk naM mruk dBksj gksrk pyk tk,xkA blh
izdkj vjLrw us Hkh ;g lq>ko fn;k gS fd ,d gh vijk/ osQ fy, Lora=ktu (Freeman) dh rqyuk

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