Page 8 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—1: jktuhfrd fl¼kUr dh izÑfr ,oa egÙo

le>uk pkgrk gSA lS¼kUrhdj.k 'kks/ dh izfØ;k ossQ ekè;e ls le>us dh izfØ;k gSaA bl lS¼kUrhdj.k osQ uksV
ifj.kkeLo:i izkIr fd, x, fu"d"kZ vFkkZr~ ^F;ksje* fdlh ?kVuk dh csgrj le> gksxh ftlosQ ckjs esa ge igys
osQoy vLi"V :i ls tkurs FksA vr% lS¼kUrhdj.k dk vfHkizk; fdlh fo"k; vFkok ?kVuk dks le>us dk
fujUrj] vfojy] vck/ iz;Ru gksrk gSA ;g ,sls fo"k; vFkok ?kVuk ls vkjEHk gksrk gS ftlosQ ckjs esa ge FkksM+k
cgqr tkurs gSa ijUrq ftls foLrkjiwoZd vkSj Li"V :i ls tkuus dh vko';drk gS vFkkZr~ ;g fdlh ?kVuk vFkok
fo"k; osQ ckjs esa vkSj vf/d tkuus rFkk Kku izkIr djus dh izfØ;k gS vkSj bldk ewy eU=k gSµ^lekIr* 'kCn
dk uke er yks (Never say the end)_ vFkkZr~ le>us dh ;g izfØ;k mruh nsj rd pyrh jgsxh tc rd
fd ?kVuk,¡ vFkok fo"k; iwjh rjg ikjn'khZ ugha gks tkrs_ tc rd jgL;ksa dh vkf[kjh xqRFkh ugha lqy> tkrh ;k
tc rd fl¼kUrdkj osQ ikl iwNus yk;d iz'u lekIr ugha gks tkrs ,d fl¼kUrdkj dk dk;Z fdlh vuqHko
vFkok ?kVuk osQ rF; dks oqQN ,d vo/kj.kkvksa ;k ;fn gks losQ rks vo/kj.kkvksa dh O;oLFkk osQ vk/kj ij
le>uk gksrk gS vFkkZr~ lEc¼ vo/kj.kkvksa osQ lewg osQ vk/kj ij tSls fopkjeUFku] mís';] eU'kk] fu"d"kZ]
vkSfpR;] LorU=krk] lekurk] lUrqf"V vkfnA

nwljk] ;fn lS¼kUrhdj.k dk vFkZ fdlh fo"k; dks le>us dh bPNk gS rks ^jktuhfrd* oLrqr% og 'krZ] lhek
vFkok osQUnzfcUnq gS ftldk lS¼kUrhdj.k fd;k tkuk gSA jktuhfrd fl¼kUr esaµ^jktuhfrd* dk vfHkizk;
jktuhfrd ls gSA F;ksjh (fl¼kUr) dh rjg ^ikWfyfVDl* (jktuhfrd) 'kCn Hkh ,d xzhd 'kCn gS tks 'kCn
^iksfyl* (Polis) ls fudyk gS ftls ^uxj&jkT;* (city-state) dgk tkrk gS vFkkZr fdlh Hkh leqnk; osQ vPNs
thou ls lEcfU/r lHkh i{kksa osQ fy, fu.kZ; ysus dh lkewfgd 'kfDrA vjLrq tSls fl¼kUrdkjksa us jktuhfrd
izfØ;kvksa rFkk muosQ dk;kZUo;u dks le>us osQ lUnHkZ esa jktuhfrd dks ifjHkkf"kr djus dh dksf'k'k dhA vjLrq
dk ;g dFkuµfd ^euq"; ,d jktuhfrd izk.kh gS*µ lekt dh vUrfuZZfgr ekuoh; vko';drk dh rjiQ b'kkjk
djrk gS rFkk bl rF; dh rjiQ Hkh fd ekuo viuh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ rFkk vkRe&flf¼ osQoy jktuhfrd
leqnk; osQ ekè;e ls gh izkIr dj ldrk gSA vjLrq osQ fy, ^jktuhfrd* egÙoiw.kZ blfy, Fkk D;ksafd ;g ,d
,sls lk>s jktuhfrd LFkku dk izfrfuf/Ro djrk gS ftlesa lHkh ukxfjd Hkkx ys ldrs gSaA

vius vk/qfud :i esa ^jktuhfrd* 'kCn jkT; rFkk blls lEcfU/r laLFkkvksa tSls ljdkj] fo/kueaMy vFkok
lkoZtfud uhfr dk izfrfuf/Ro djrk gSA fofHkUu fopkj/kjkvksa osQ ckotwn] ^jktuhfrd* osQ lnHkZ esa vHkh gky
rd vk/qfud ^uxj jkT;* vFkok jkT; vf/drj jktuhfrd fl¼kUrdkjksa dk lk>k fo"k; jgk gSA tSls fd foy
fdfefydk fy[krs gSa] ^vf/drj if'peh jktuhfrd fl¼kUrdkj uxj&jkT; osQ ,d ,sls vkn'kZoknh ekWMy ij
dk;Z djrs vk;s gSa ftlesa lHkh ukxfjd ,d lkekU; oa'k] Hkk"kk rFkk laLÑfr lk>h djrs gSaA* ;gk¡ jktuhfrd
fl¼kUr osQ ^jktuhfrd* i{k dk lEcU/ jgk gSµjkT; rFkk ljdkjksa osQ Lo:i] izÑfr rFkk laxBu ,oa bu lHkh
dk O;fDrxr ukxfjdksas osQ lkFk lEcU/ dk vè;;uA

D;k vki tkurs gSa vUrlZEcfU/r gksus osQ ckotwn ^jktuhfrd* dks ,d fof'k"V {ks=k ekuk tkrk gS tks vU; {ks=kksaµ
tSls vFkZO;oLFkk] lekt] laLÑfr vkfnµls fHkUu rFkk izHksndkjh gSA

jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dh mnkjoknh ijEijk dk ;g izeq[k iQksdl jgk gSA blosQ foijhr ekDlZoknh fopkj/kjk izcy
:i ls mnkjokn osQ bl ^jktuhfrd* rFkk ^xSj&jktuhfrd* vUrj dks iwjh rjg jí dj nsrk gS vkSj ;g roZQ nsrk
gS fd jktuhfrd 'kfDr vkSj oqQN ugha] osQoy vkfFkZd 'kfDr dh nkl gksrh gSA ijUrq leLr :i ls] vo/kj.kk
osQ Lrj ij vleatlrk osQ ckotwn] jktuhfr osQ lS¼kUrhdj.k dk lk>k vk/kj vHkh Hkh jkT; gh gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 3