Page 9 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kar

uksV rFkkfi] fiNys rhu n'kdksa esa] jktuhfrd dh LFkkfir vo/kj.kkvksa osQ izfr vlUrks"k c<+rk tk jgk gS] eq[;r%
bu vk/kjksa ij fd ;s ledkyhu thou osQ vusd rF;ksa osQ lkFk esy ugha [kkrh ;k ;s ^jktuhfrd* dh ledkyhu
/kj.kk dh mfpr vfHkO;Dr ugha dj ik jghA vr% ^jktuhfrd* dh jkT; rFkk ljdkj dh vo/kj.kkvksa osQ
vfrfjDr ^jktuhfrd* osQ orZeku vU; nkosnkjµ(i) lekurk] Lora=krk] rkfoZQdrk] fu"i{krk rFkk U;k; dh lk>h
/kj.kkvksa ij vk/kfjr jktuhfrd dk fopkj rFkk (ii) 'kfDr] oxZ] fyax] vkSifuosf'kd vFkok fof'k"V oxhZ;
jktuhfrd osQ lkFk lEcU/A lkFk gh] ^jktuhfrd* dh orZeku /kj.kk esa oqQN vU; egÙoiw.kZ {ks=k Hkh fufgr gS
tSls mnkjokn] ekDlZokn] ladh.kZokn] leqnk;okn] vfLerk] ukjhokn] ukxfjdrk] iztkrU=k] 'kfDr] lÙkk] oS/rk]
jk"Vªokn oS'ohdj.k rFkk i;kZoj.kA jktuhfrd fl¼kUr ls lEcfU/r ikB~;Øeksa dk mís'; fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,sls
O;fDr;ksa osQ vuqHko osQ lkFk voxr djokuk gksrk gS tks fnu&izfrfnu dh jktuhfrd ls lEc¼ jgs gSa ;k ,sls
O;fDr;ksa osQ fopkjksa osQ lkFk ftUgksaus bldk xgu vè;;u fd;k gSA

1-1 jktuhfrd fl¼kar dk vFkZ] izÑfr fo'ks"krk,¡ ,oa izdkj (Meaning, Nature,
Characteristics and Variety of Political Theory)

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr&oqQN ifjHkk"kk;sa (Political Theory–Some Definitions)

^jktuhfrd* rFkk ^fl¼kUr* 'kCnksa osQ Li"Vhdj.k osQ ckn vc ge jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dks oqQN ifjHkk"kkvksa osQ
ekè;e ls le>us dk iz;Ru djrs gSaA loZlk/kj.k Lrj ij] jktuhfrd fl¼kUr jkT; ls lEcfU/r Kku gS ftlesa
^jktuhfrd* dk vFkZ gS ^lkoZtfud fgr osQ fo"k;* rFkk fl¼kUr dk vFkZ gS ^Øec¼ Kku*A MsfoM gSYM osQ
vuqlkj] jktuhfrd fl¼kUr ¶jktuhfrd thou ls lEcfU/r /kj.kkvksa vkSj lkekU; fu;eksa dk og lewg gS ftlesa
ljdkj] jkT; vkSj lekt dh izÑfr] mís'; rFkk izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ ,oa O;fDr dh jktuhfrd {kerkvkssa osQ ckjs esa
fopkj] ifjdYiuk;sa vkSj fooj.k fufgr gksrk gSA¸ ,sUMw gSdj osQ vuqlkj] ¶jktuhfrd fl¼kUr tgk¡ ,d rjiQ
vPNs lekt vkSj vPNs jkT; ls lEcfU/r fu;eksa dh fu"i{k [kkst gS] ogk¡ nwljh rjiQ ;s jktuhfrd vkSj
lkekftd okLrfodrk dk fu"i{k Kku gSA¸ ,d vU; ys[kd tkWtZ oSQVfyu osQ vuqlkj] ¶jktuhfrd fl¼kUr
jktuhfrd foKku vkSj jktuhfrd n'kZu'kkL=k nksuksa dk feJ.k gSA tgk¡ foKku lEiw.kZ lkekftd thou osQ fu;U=k.k
osQ fofHkUu Lo:iksa dh izfØ;k dh rjiQ è;ku fnykrk gS] vFkkZr~] bldk lEcU/ lk/uksa ls gS] ogk¡ jktuhfrd
n'kZu dk lEcU/ mu lkè;ksa rFkk ewY;ksa ls gS tc O;fDr bl rjg osQ iz'uksa ij fopkj djrk gSµjk"Vªh; fgr D;k
gksrk gS\ ;k ¶,d vPNk lekt D;k gksrk gS\¸ blh rjg dksdj osQ vuqlkj] ^jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk lEcU/
jktuhfrd ljdkj] blosQ Lo:iksa rFkk xfrfof/;ksa osQ ml vè;;u ls gS tks osQoy mu rF;ksa osQ vk/kj ij ugha
fd;k tkrk ftudh O;k[;k] rqyuk rFkk ij[k dk lEcU/ rRdky rFkk vLFkk;h izHkkoksa ls gS cfYd mu rF;ksa
rFkk ewY;kadu osQ vk/kj ij Hkh fd;k tkrk gS tks O;fDr dh fpjLFkk;h vko';drkvksa] bPNkvksa rFkk fopkjksa
ls lEcfU/r gksrs gSaA* jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dks ge xqYM vkSj dksYc dh O;kid ifjHkk"kk ls csgrj le> ldrs
gSaA muosQ vuqlkj] ^jktuhfrd fl¼kUr jktuhfr'kkL=k dk og Hkkx gS ftlosQ fuEufyf[kr vax gSa%

(i) jktuhfrd n'kZu'kkL=k&;g jktuhfrd fopkjksa osQ bfrgkl dk vè;;u vkSj uSfrd ewY;kadu ls
lEcfU/r gS_
(ii) ,d oSKkfud i¼fr_
(iii) jktuhfrd fopkjksa dk Hkk"kk fo"k;d fo'ys"k.k_ rFkk

(iv) jktuhfrd O;ogkj osQ lkekU; fu;eksa dh [kkst rFkk mudk Øec¼ fodklA

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