Page 12 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—1: jktuhfrd fl¼kUr dh izÑfr ,oa egÙo

ledkyhu lekt esa ge dbZ rjg dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk dj jgs gSa tSls xjhch] vR;f/d tula[;k] Hkz"Vkpkj] uksV
tkrh; ruko] iznw"k.k] O;fDr&lekt vkSj jkT; esa fookn vkfnA jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z bu
leL;kvksa dk xgjkbZ ls vè;;u vkSj fo'ys"k.k djosQ jktusrkvksa dks oSdfYid lk/u iznku djuk gksrk gSA MsfoM
gSYM osQ vuqlkj] jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk egÙo bl ckr ls izdV gksrk gS fd ,d Øec¼ vè;;u osQ vHkko
esa jktuhfr mu LokFkhZ vkSj vufHkK jktuhfrd usrkvksa osQ gkFk dk f[kykSuk ek=k cu dj jg tk;sxh tks bls 'kfDr
izkIr djus osQ ,d ;U=k osQ vfrfjDr oqQN ugha le>rsA
la{ksi esa] jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk egÙo fuEufyf[kr vk/kjksa ij le>k tk ldrk gS%

1- ;s jkT; vkSj ljdkj dh izÑfr rFkk mís';ksa dk Øec¼ Kku miyC/ djokrs gSa]
2- ;s lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd okLrfodrk rFkk fdlh Hkh lekt osQ vkn'kks± ,oa mís';ksa esa laca/ LFkkfir
djus esa lgk;rk djrs gSaA

3- ;s O;fDr dks lkekftd Lrj ij vf/dkj] drZO;] Lora=krk] lekurk] lEifÙk] U;k; vkfn osQ ckjs esa
lpsr djokrs gSaA
4- ;s lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd O;oLFkk dks le>us rFkk mlls lacaf/r leL;kvksa] tSls xjhch] fgalk]
Hkz"Vkpkj] tkfrokn vkfn osQ lkFk tw>us osQ lS¼kfUrd fodYi iznku djrs gSaA
5- fl¼kUrksa dk dk;Z osQoy fLFkfr dh O;k[;k djuk ugha gksrkA ;s lkekftd lq/kj vFkok Økafrdkjh rjhdksa
ls ifjorZu lEcU/h fl¼kUr Hkh izLrqr djrs gSaA

tc fdlh lekt osQ jktuhfrd fl¼kUr viuh Hkwfedk lgh rjhosQ ls fuHkkrs gSa rks os ekuoh; fodkl dk ,d
egÙoiw.kZ lk/u cu tkrk gSA tulk/kj.k dks lgh fl¼kUrksa ls ifjfpr djokus dk vFkZ osQoy mUgsa vius mís';
vkSj lk/uksa dks lgh rjhosQ ls pquus esa lgk;rk djuk gh ugha gSA cfYd mu jkLrksa ls Hkh cpkuk gS tks mUgsa fujk'kk
dh rjiQ ys tk ldrs gaSA

jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa osQ eqís (Issues in Political Theory)

jktuhfrd fl¼kUrkssa dh izÑfr le>us osQ fy, mu fo"k;ksa vkSj eqíksa ij è;ku nsuk Hkh ”k:jh gS tks fiNys 2400
lkyksa esa blosQ vè;;u dk vax jgs gSaA ;|fi jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk eq[; fo"k; jkT; gS rFkkfi jktuhfrd
fparu osQ bfrgkl osQ fofHkUu pj.kksa esa jkT; ls lacaf/r vyx&vyx fo"k; egÙoiw.kZ jgs gSaA Dykfldh jktuhfrd
fl¼kUrksa dk eq[; fo"k; ^,d vkn'kZ jktuhfrd O;oLFkk* (perfect political order) dh [kkst FkkA vr% ;s
jktuhfrd osQ ewy fl¼kUrksa osQ fo'ys"k.k vkSj fuekZ.k esa tqVs jgs] tSls jkT; dh izÑfr vkSj mís';] jktuhfrd
lÙkk osQ vk/kj] jktuhfrd vkKkikyu dh leL;k] jktuhfrd voKk vkfnA budk laca/ ^jkT; oSQlk gksuk
pkfg,* vkSj ,d vkn'kZ jkT; dh LFkkiuk tSls fo"k;ksa lss vf/d jgkA
vkS|ksfxd Økafr vkSj vk/qfud jk"Vª&jkT; osQ fuekZ.k us ,d u;s lekt] u;h vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj jkT; osQ u;s Lo:i
dks tUe fn;kA vk/qfud jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dk vkjaHk O;fDrokn ls gksrk gS ftlesa O;fDr dh Lora=krk vkSj
bldh lqj{kk jktuhfrd dk lkj ekus x;sA ifj.kkeLo:i] vk/qfud jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa esa vf/dkj] Lora=krk]
lekurk] lEifÙk] U;k;] iztkrU=k] tu lgHkkfxrk] jkT; vkSj O;fDr esa laca/ vkfn eqís izeq[k gks x;sA bl lUnHkZ
esa fofHkUu vo/kj.kkvksa esa laca/] tSls Lora=krk vkSj lekurk] U;k; vkSj lekurk vFkok U;k; vkSj lEifÙk ij
Hkh cy fn;k x;kA
chloha 'krkCnh esa jktuhfrd fl¼kUrksa dks jkT;] ljdkj vkSj ljdkj dh laLFkkvksa rFkk jktuhfrd izfØ;k dk
vè;;u ekuk x;kA bl lanHkZ esa jkT; dk ,d dkuwuh laLFkk osQ :i esa vè;;u] lafo/ku] ljdkj rFkk ljdkj

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