Page 17 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kar

uksV fd;k tkus yxk fd fdlh Hkh jktuhfrd <k¡ps esa ekuo thou ls lEcfU/r oqQN ewY; vkSj mís'; gksrs gSa ftls
vkuqHkfod fl¼kUr us vuns[kk fd;k gSA jkWYl] uksf”kd] gScjekl tSl ys[kdksa u jktuhfrd fl¼kUr osQ osQUnzhHkwr
eqíksa&tSls Lora=krk] lekurk] U;k; vkfn dks nksckjk ls mBkuk 'kq: fd;k ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i uSfrd ewY;ksa ij
vk/kfjr jktuhfrd iquthZfor gks mBhA jktuhfr osQ bl uohuhdj.k dks ledkyhu jktuhfrd fl¼kar dgk tkrk
gSA

vkn'khZ rFkk vkuqHkfod fl¼karksa esa lEcU/
(Relation between Normative and Empirical Political Theory)

,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd vkn'khZ rFkk vkuqHkfod fl¼kUrksa esa vUrj osQoy fo'ys"k.kkRed gSA O;kogkfjd Lrj ij
,slk dksbZ gh jktuhfrd fl¼kUr gksxk tks vuU; :i ls osQoy ^gS* ls lEcfU/r gks vkSj mlesa ^pkfg,* dk rÙo
iw.kZr;k vuqifLFkr gksA blh rjg ,slk Hkh dksbZ fl¼kUr ugha gksxk tks osQoy vkn'kks± vFkkZr~ ^D;k gksuk pkfg,*
rd lhfer gks vkSj mlesa ^gS* dk rÙo u gksA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] vkn'khZ rFkk vkuqHkfod fl¼kUrksa esa vUrj osQoy
^D;k gS* vkSj ^D;k gksuk pkfg,* osQ feJ.k osQ vuqikr dk gSA vkn'khZ jktuhfrd fl¼kUr esa ^pkfg,* dk rÙo
vf/d rFkk ^gS* dk rÙo vis{kkÑr de gS tcfd vkuqHkfod fl¼kUr esa ^gS* dk vuqikr vf/d rFkk ^pkfg,*
dk rÙo vis{kkÑr de gSA nwljk] ,slk Hkh lEHko gS fd ,d gh ys[kd viuh ,d jpuk esa vkuqHkfod vf/d
gks vkSj vkn'khZ de vkSj viuh vU; jpuk esa og vf/d vkn'khZ gks vkSj vkuqHkfod deA mnkgj.k osQ fy,]
ekDlZ dk ;wjhih; iw¡thokn dk fo'ys"k.k vkuqHkfod rFkk rF;kRed gSA tcfd mlosQ }kjk fd;k x;k
lektoknh&lkE;oknh lekt dk Hkkoh fu:i.k vis{kkÑr vf/d vkn'khZ] dkYifud rFkk vkns'kkRed gSA nwljs
'kCnksa esa] ekDlZ osQ fopkjksa dk ,d va'k vR;f/d vkuqHkfod gS tcfd nwljk vkn'khZA osQoy ;gh ugha] iw¡thoknh
oxZ }kjk e”knwj oxZ osQ 'kks"kd dh izfØ;k dk o.kZu djrs gq, ekDlZ us ^vf/'ks"k* ewY; osQ fl¼kUr dh jpuk
dh tks dkj.k&dk;Z fl¼kUr (causal) vf/d gSA rhljk] ge nksuksa esa oqQN vUrj dj ldrs gSaA fy;ks LVªkWl us
vkn'khZ fl¼kUr osQ fy, ^jktuhfrd n'kZu* rFkk vkuqHkfod fl¼kUr osQ fy, ^jktuhfrd fl¼kUr* 'kCnksa dk
iz;ksx fd;k gSA mldk roZQ gS fd jktuhfrd fl¼kar gesa jktuhfrd fpUru osQ ckjs esa crkrk gS tcfd jktuhfrd
n'kZu cqf¼eÙkk dh ryk'k gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] LVªkWl us jktuhfrd fl¼kUr 'kCn dk iz;ksx jktuhfrd fpUrdksa osQ
o.kZukRed ys[kk tks[kksa rFkk jktuhfrd n'kZu 'kCn dk iz;ksx ^jktuhfrd ?kVukvksa osQ vkn'khZ fpUru* osQ fy,
fd;k gS vkSj mPp Lrj ij] ,slk roZQ fn;k tkrk gS fd ftls ge vkuqHkfod jktuhfrd fl¼kUr dgrs gSa og
gesa jktuhfrd okLrfodrk osQ i{k osQ ckjs esa crkrs gSa tcfd jktuhfrd n'kZu mldk lEiw.kZ fp=k izLrqr djrs
gSaA bl roZQ dh ,d vU; O;k[;k ;g gS fd tgk¡ jktuhfrd fl¼kUr gesa osQoy fof'k"V (particular) osQ
ckjs esa voxr djokrs gSa] ogk¡ jktuhfrd n'kZu gesa loZO;kid (universal) Kku ls ifjfpr djokrs gSaA ,d
vU; roZQ ;g Hkh fn;k tkrk gS fd vkuqHkfod okLrfodrk tks gesa nsrh gS og jktuhfrd ?kVukvksa dh osQoy
lwpuk ek=k gksrh gS tcfd jktuhfr n'kZu ;k vkn'khZ jktuhfrd fl¼kar ml jktuhfrd okLrfodrk osQ ewy dks
le>us esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
Hkh[kw ih[k us jktuhfrd n'kZu rFkk jktuhfrd fl¼kUr osQ ,d vU; vk;ke dh rjiQ è;ku fnykus dh dksf'k'k
dh gSA mlosQ vuqlkj nksuksa esa vUrj osQoy bl ckr dk gS fd ge jktuhfrd ?kVukvksa dk vè;;u fdl izdkj
djrs gSaA jktuhfrd n'kZu ^jktuhfrd* dk vè;;u nk'kZfud rjhosQ ls gSA nk'kZfud iz.kkyh dk vfHkizk; gS
?kVukvksa dh vkykspukRed Nkuchu rFkk O;k[;k tcfd vkuqHkfod iz.kkyh osQoy ml ?kVuk dk rF;kRed o.kZu
gksrk gSA

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