Page 321 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV dkjdksa dk è;ku j[kk tkrk gS % (i) mu jkT;ksa dh la[;k tgka ny dks vke@pquko ;k fiQj pquko leFkZu vkSj
yksdfiz;rk izkIr gS vkSj (ii) blosQ }kjk jkT; foèkkulHkk vkSj yksd lHkk pqukoksa esa izkIr fd, x, erksa dk
izfr'krA igyh dlkSVh Hkw&{ks=kh; gS vkSj nwljh ny osQ yksdfiz;rk xzkiQ ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA oqQN fo}ku~ {ks=kh; ny
dh uLyh ;k {ks=kh;&lakLÑfrd igpku osQ :i esa gh bldks ifjHkkf"kr djuk pkgrs gSaA Mhú ,eú osQú vkSj ,ú
vkbZú ,ú Mhú ,eú osQú {ks=kh; jktuhfrd ny gSa D;ksafd ;g ^rfey laLÑfr* vkSj ^rfey jk"Vªokn* dk
izfrfufèkRo djrs gSaA f'kjksef.k vdkyh ny Hkh ,d {ks=kh; ny gSA ;g ,d iaFkd ny Hkh gS vkSj bldks iatkc
osQ cgqr&ls fl[kksa vkSj oqQN lhek rd gfj;k.kk vkSj fnYyh esa jgus okys fl[kksa dk leFkZu izkIr gSA rsyqxw ns'ke]
vle x.k ifj"kn~] flfDde laxzke ifj"kn~] us'kuy dkaizsaQl] >kj[kaM eqfDr ekspkZ] caxyk dkaxzsl] mM+hlk dakxzsl]
osQjy dkaxzsl] Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; yksdny] fe”kks us'kuy izQaV] ef.kiqj ihiy”k ikVhZ] ihú ,eú osQú] ihú Mhú ihú
r`.kewy dkaxzsl vkfn lHkh {ks=kh; ny gSaA Hkkjrh; izlax esa] tSlk fd LVsuys] ,ú dks'kkukd (Stanley. A

Kochnock) dk fopkj gS] {ks=kh; ny ¶izkjafHkd :i esa vlUrqf"V osQ LFkkuh; dkj.kksa dks <wa<us ;k Hkk"kk] tkfr
;k leqnk; ;k {ks=k ij vkèkkfjr vyx&vyx ekSfyd ekaxksa dh lqj{kk ls lacafèkr gksrs gSaA¸ (Regional Parties
are primarily concerned with exploting local resources of discontent or preserving a
variety of primordial demands based on language, caste or community or region.) ljy
'kCnksa esa ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fd {ks=kh; ny os ny gksrs gSa tks ,d ;k nks jkT;ksa esa yksdfiz; gks vkSj@vFkok
fdlh fo'ks"k {ks=k ;k laiznk; ;k Hkk"kk;h ;k lkaLÑfrd ;k èkkfeZd lewg@leqnk; osQ fgrksa dh izkfIr osQ fy, eq[;
:i esa opuc¼ gksaA
Hkkjr esa {ks=kh; nyksa dh mRifÙk osQ dkj.k (Reasons for the emergence of Regional
Parties in India) : Hkkjr tSls cgqyoknh ns'k esa] tgk¡ Hkk"kk;h] èkkfeZd] uLyh] {ks=kh; vkSj lkaLÑfrd
cgqyrk,¡ fo|eku~ gSaµdbZ {ks=kh; jktuhfrd nyksa dk vfLrRo ,d izkÑfrd ckr gSA ;g cgqyokn bruk izcy
gS fd ikfudj (Panikar) tSls Hkkjrh; fo}ku Hkh bl ckr dh iqf"V djrs gSa fd ¶dksbZ Hkh Hkkjr dks fo'kky
{ks=kksa esa ck¡Vs fcuk blosQ laiw.kZ vfLrRo osQ ckjs lksp ugha ldrkA¸ (No one can conceive of India
except in terms of the great regions). j'khnqíhu [kku (Rasheeduddin Khan) dgrs gSa fd Hkkjr
¶{ks=kksa vkSj mi&{ks=kksa dk la?k gSA¸ blosQ fy, {ks=kh; jktuhfrd nyksa dk fodkl gksuk vkSj Hkkjr tSls fo'kky
vkSj cgqyrk ls Hkjs ns'k esa budk vkxs vkuk izkÑfrd ckr gSA ¶rfeyukMw] vkaèkz izns'k] vle] caxky] egkjk"Vª]
gfj;k.kk vkSj iatkcµ;s ,d la;qDr Hkwfe VqdM+s vkSj izknsf'kd [kaM gh ugha gSa vkSj u gh ;s ,d jktuhfrd lewg
dh iz'kklfud bdkbZ;ka gSA bfrgkl] Hkk"kk] lkaLÑfrd vkSj vFkZ&O;oLFkk osQ fefJr dk;k&dYi us bu {ks=kksa dks
foy{k.k igpku nh gS vkSj ;s lHkh ny ,d foy{k.k uLyh&jk"Vªh; laiznk; osQ fy, fuokl&x`g cu xbZ gSA¸
(Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Assma, Bengal, Maharashtra and Punjab–these are no
more teritorial fragments of an undifferentiated land mass or just administrative units
of a political behemoth. The combined alchemy of history, language, culture and
economy has given a unique identity to each of these regions and each of them has
become the home of a distinct ethno-national community.)

buosQ lkFk 1947 osQ i'pkr~ vyx&vyx jktuhfrd oSèkkfud fodklksa] tSlk fd Hkk"kk osQ vkèkkj ij jkT;ksa dk
iquxZBu] dbZ jktuhfrd nyksa esa foHkktu iM+ tkus] oqQN iz'kkldh; uhfr;ksa vkfn us Hkh {ks=kh; jktuhfrd nyksa
osQ vfLrRo esa vkus dh izfØ;k esa lgk;rk dh gSA dbZ ,d {ks=kh; ny dkaxzsl osQ foHkktuksa ls iSnk gq, ny gSaA
tSls ,uú lhú ihú] ,pú ohú ihú vkfnA

fuEufyf[kr eq[; dkj.kksa@dkjdksa us Hkkjrh; jktuhfd iz.kkyh esa {ks=kh; jktuhfrd nyksa osQ vfLrRo esa vkus dk
ekxZn'kZu fd;k gS %

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