Page 62 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—5: la?kh; ljdkj% jk"Vªifr] mi&jk"Vªifr

6- bu ;ksX;rkvksa osQ vfrfjDr jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu osQ ckjs esa ,DV 1974 osQ vèkhu O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS fd uksV
jk"Vªifr osQ in osQ fy, pquko yM+us okyk izR;sd mEehnokj vius ukekadu i=k osQ lkFk 2500 #i,
tekur jde tek djok,xk vkSj mlosQ uketnxh i=k ij de&ls&de 10 ernkrk mlosQ uke dk
izLrko djsaxs vkSj 10 vU; ernkrk mlosQ uke dk leFkZu djsaxsA 1997 esa ,d vkns'k osQ }kjk tekur
dh jkf'k 2]500 ls c<+kdj 15]000 #i, dj nh xbZ vkSj mEehnokj osQ uke dks izLrkfor djus osQ fy,
vc 50 ernkrkvksa dk gksuk vko';d dj fn;k x;k vkSj blosQ lkFk gh 50 vU; ernkrkvksa us fdlh
,sls mEehnokj osQ uke dk leFkZu djuk FkkA ,slk bl dkj.k fd;k x;k rkfd jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu eas
mEehnokjksa dh la[;k de ls de j[kh tk losQ vkSj xSj&ftEesokj mEehnokjksa dks pquko yM+us dk volj
u fey losQA ;g Hkh fu;e ykxw gS fd dksbZ mEehnokj jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu esa Mkys oksVksa esa ls
de&ls&de 1@6 Hkkx izkIr ugha djrk rks mldh tekur jkf'k tCr gks tk,xhA ,sls ifjorZu osQ i'pkr~
1997 osQ jk"Vªifr pquko esa osQoy 2 mEehnokj gh eSnku esa mrjsµJh osQ-vkj- ukjk;.ku vkSj Jh Vh-vkj-
ls'ku vkSj blosQ i'pkr~ Hkh jk"Vªifr osQ pquko esa mEehnokjksa dh la[;k cgqr de gks jgh gSA lkekU;r%
nks izeq[k mEehnokj gh jk"Vªifr dk pquko yM+rs jgs gSaA
([k) jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu osQ fy, fuokZpu&eaMy dh jpuk (Composition of the Electoral
College for the Election of the President)% lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj jk"Vªifr osQ vizR;{k fuokZpu dh
O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA og ,d pquko eaMy osQ }kjk fuokZfpr fd;k tkrk gS tks laln osQ nksuksa lnuksa vkSj jkT;ksa
dh foèkkulHkkvksa osQ fuokZfpr lnL;ksa ij vkèkkfjr gksrk gSA laln vkSj jkT; foèkku lHkkvksa osQ euksuhr lnL;
jk"Vªifr osQ pquko esa Hkkx ugha ys ldrs rkfd fo|eku jk"Vªifr osQ }kjk ,sls lnL;ksa ij ik, tkus okys laHkkfor
izHkko ls cpk tk losQ] ;gk¡ ;g crykuk vko';d gS fd pquko eaMy esa [kkyh lhVksa osQ vkèkkj ij jk"Vªifr
osQ fuokZpu dks jksdk ughaa tk ldrk] tksfd izR;sd ik¡p o"kZ ckn gksuk vko';d gksrk gSA 1957 esa jk"Vªifr dk
fuokZpu djok, tkus dks bl vkèkkj ij pqukSrh nh xbZ Fkh fd fuokZpu eaMy esa cgqr&lh lhVsa [kkyh iM+h FkhaA
bl =kqfV dks nwj djus osQ fy, 1961 esa lafoèkku esa 11ok¡ la'kksèku fd;k x;kA bl la'kksèku us vuqPNsn 71 eas
ntZ fd;k fd fuokZpu eaMy esa [kkyh lhVksa osQ vkèkkj ij jk"Vªifr osQ pquko ij vkifÙk ugha dh tk ldrhA
ijUrq osQUnz ljdkj osQ }kjk fojksèkh ny osQ cgqer okyh jkT; foèkkulHkk osQ lnL;ksa dks jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu esa
oksV Mkyus ls jksdus osQ fy, bl O;oLFkk dk xyr iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS] ,slh oqQps"Vk dks LoLFk yksdra=kh;
uhfr osQ }kjk gh jksdk tk ldrk gSA ijUrq jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu dks fuf'pr vofèk osQ ckn laxfBr djus dh
vko';drk us ,slh O;oLFkk dks lafoèkku esa 'kkfey fd, tkus dks mfpr Bgjk;k gSA ;gk¡ ;g Hkh crykuk
vko';d gS fd utjcanh osQ vèkhu laln lnL;ksa vkSj foèkk;dksa rFkk fuyfEcr jkT; foèkku lHkkvksa osQ foèkk;dksa
dks Hkh jk"Vªifr osQ pquko esa Hkkx ysus dk vfèkdkj gksrk gSA
1987 esa 9osa jk"Vªifr osQ pquko osQ le; fuokZpu eaMy dh la[;k 4350 Fkh blesa 702 laln lnL; vkSj 3648
foèkk;d FksA tqykbZ 1992 eas jk"Vªifr osQ fuokZpu&eaMy esa oqQy lnL;ksa dh la[;k 4748 Fkh ftuesa 776 laln
lnL; vkSj 3910 foèkk;dksa us Hkkx fy;k vkSj oqQy 4642 oksV Mkys x,A 2002 osQ jk"Vªifr pqukoksa esa 776 laln
lnL;ksa vkSj 4120 foèkk;dksa us Hkkx fy;k vkSj fuokZpu&eaMy dh oqQy la[;k 4896 FkhA

(x) fuokZpu dk <ax (Method of Election)% vuqPNsn 54 vkSj 55 eas Hkkjr osQ jk"Vªifr osQ pquko osQ <ax
dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA vuqPNsn 54 osQ vuqlkj jk"Vªifr dk vizR;{k pquko osQUnzh; laln osQ nksuksa lnuksa osQ
fuokZfpr lnL;ksa vkSj jkT; foèkku lHkkvksa osQ fuokZfpr foèkk;dksa ij vkèkkfjr fuokZpu&eaMy osQ }kjk fd;k tkrk
gSA ;g pquko ,dy ifjorZuh; er&iz.kkyh vkSj xqIr ernku osQ }kjk vkuqikfrd izfrfufèkRo iz.kkyh osQ vuqlkj
xqIr ernku osQ }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA vuqPNsn 55 esa fuokZpu izfØ;k fuèkkZfjr dh xbZ gSA ;g vuqPNsn laln lnL;ksa

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