Page 73 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV vuqPNsn 78 osQ vèkhu izèkkuea=kh dk ;g drZO; gS fd og iz'kklu ls lEcfUèkr lHkh ekeyksa dh tkudkjh
jk"Vªifr dks nsA jk"Vªifr dksbZ Hkh tkudkjh ysus osQ fy, izèkkuea=kh dks dg ldrk gSA jk"Vªifr osQ }kjk bl
vfèkdkj osQ iz;ksx osQ dkj.k izèkkuea=kh ls Vdjko okyh fLFkfr iSnk gks ldrh gSA tSlk fd 1987 osQ vkjaHk esa
?kfVr gqvk Fkk tc rRdkyhu izèkkuea=kh jktho xkaèkh us jk"Vªifr osQ tkudkjh ekaxus osQ vfèkdkj ij vkifÙk trkbZ
Fkh vkSj mldh ljdkj us rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr Kkuh tSy flag dks cksiQkslZ rksiksa ls lEcfUèkr oqQN tkudkjh nsus ls
badkj dj fn;k FkkA jk"Vªifr us LVSaM fy;k Fkk fd mldk mÙkjnkf;Ro Fkk fd og yh xbZ 'kiFk osQ vuqlkj
lafoèkku osQ vuqPNsn 78 dh O;oLFkk,¡ LFkkfir j[ks vkSj budh j{kk djsA blosQ fy, muosQ fy, ;g vko';d
gks tkrk Fkk fd og osQUnzh; iz'kklu ls lEcfUèkr lHkh ekeyksa ls tqM+s jgsaA ijUrq lHkh C;kSjs ughaA ijUrq jk"Vªifr
Kkuh tSy flag vkSj izèkkuea=kh Jh jktho xkaèkh osQ chp Vdjko esa nksuksa dk vgadkj vfèkd Fkk vkSj bl Vdjko
esa laoSèkkfud O;oLFkkvksa dks ysdj fopkjksa esa xaHkhj erHksnksa dk ;ksxnku de FkkA vU; jk"Vªifr;ksa vkSj
iz/kueaf=k;ksa us lalnh; iz.kkyh dh ekax vkSj jk"Vªifr osQ mQ¡ps in osQ eku&lEeku dks liQyrkiwoZd cuk, j[kkA
bl le; Hkh jk"Vªifr vkSj izèkkuea=kh osQ chp lfØ; vkSj vPNs lEcUèk LFkkfir gSaA
(ii) fu;qfDr;k¡ djus dh 'kfDr;k¡ (Appointment-making Powers)% lHkh izeq[k fu;qfDr;k¡ jk"Vªifr
osQ }kjk dh tkrh gSaA og izèkkuea=kh dks fu;qDr djrk gS vkSj mlosQ ijke'kZ ij osQUnz ljdkj osQ vU; eaf=k;ksa]
Hkkjr osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k] loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa] jkT;ksa osQ jkT;ikyksa] ySÝVhuSaV
xouZjksa] osQUnz 'kkflr {ks=kksa osQ eq[; dfe'ujksa] Hkkjr osQ vVkjuh tujy] dEiVªksyj vkSj vkMhVj tujy] ;w-ih-
,l-lh- osQ ps;jeSu vkSj lnL;ksa] fuokZpu vk;ksx] vU; laoSèkkfud dfe'kuksa vkSj vU; ns'kksa esa Hkkjrh; jktnwrksa]
gkbZ dfe'ujksa] okf.kT;d nwrksa rFkk vU; nwrksa dh fu;qfDr djrk gSA lHkh mPp&Lrjh; fu;qfDr;k¡ jk"Vªifr osQ }kjk
izèkkuea=kh vkSj eaf=keaMy osQ ijke'kZ ij dh tkrh gSaA Hkkjr osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k dh fu;qfDr osQ le; og loksZPp
U;k;ky; osQ vU; U;k;kèkh'kksa ls Hkh ijke'kZ djrk gS] tcfd loksZPp U;k;ky; osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr le;
og Hkkjr osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa dh fu;qfDr le; jkT;iky vkSj lEcfUèkr jkT;
osQ eq[; U;k;kèkh'k ls ijke'kZ djrk gSA
(iii) fons'kh lEcUèkksa esa Hkwfedk (Role in Foreign Relations)% ns'k dk eqf[k;k gksus osQ ukrs jk"Vªifr
Hkkjr osQ fons'kksa esa fLFkr jktnwrksa vkSj nwrksa dks ifjp; i=k (Credentials) nsrk gS vkSj og Hkkjr esa fons'kh
jktnwrksa dk Lokxr djrk gSA lHkh owQVuhfrd xfrfofèk;k¡ mlosQ uke ij gksrh gSaA Hkkjr ljdkj osQ }kjk cgqi{kh;
vkSj f}i{kh; lHkh lfUèk;k¡ vkSj le>kSrs jk"Vªifr osQ uke ij fd, tkrs gSaA u, ns'kksa ls owQVuhfrd lEcUèk jk"Vªifr
osQ uke ij gh LFkkfir fd, tkrs gSaA
(iv) l'kL=k lsukvksa osQ loksZPp lsukifr osQ :i esa dk;Z (Functions as Supreme Commander of
the Armed Forces)% vuqPNsn 53 esa ntZ gS fd jk"Vªifr ns'k dh l'kL=k lsukvksa dk loksZPp dekaMj gSA og
lqj{kk lsukvksa ls lEcfUèkr lHkh mPp&Lrjh; fu;qfDr;k¡ vkSj inksUufr;k¡ djrk gS ijUrq og bu lHkh 'kfDr;ksa dk
iz;ksx dkuwu vkSj lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj djrk gSA og 'kkfUr vkSj ;q¼ osQ nkSjku ohjrk vkSj 'kkunkj lsok osQ fy,
lHkh lSfud lEeku vkSj mikfèk;k¡ iznku djrk gSA
(v) osQUnz'kkflr {ks=kksa vkSj vuqlwfpr rFkk dchyh {ks=kksa osQ iz'kklu ls lEcfUèkr 'kfDr;k¡ (Powers
regarding the administration of Union Territories and Scheduled Areas)% la?kh; {ks=kksa dk
iz'kklu jk"Vªifr osQ vèkhu gksrk gSA vuqPNsn 243 jk"Vªifr dks vfèkdkj nsrk gS fd og osQUnz 'kkflr {ks=kksa dk
iz'kklu jkT;ikyksa ;k eq[; dfe'ujksa ;k vius }kjk euksuhr fdlh vU; lÙkkèkkjh osQ }kjk pyk,A og fdlh la?kh;
{ks=k dk izcaèk pykus osQ fy, iM+kslh jkT; osQ jkT;iky dks Hkh dg ldrk gSA ,slk jkT;iky lnSo gh jk"Vªifr
osQ funsZ'kkssa osQ vuqlkj dk;Z djrk gSA jk"Vªifr osQ ikl ;g Hkh vfèkdkj gS fd og vuqlwfpr dchyh {ks=kksa dk

68 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY