Page 144 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

bdkbZ 11 % jktuhfrd ny ,oa ncko&lewg

vusd xkaèkhoknh laxBu Hkh 'kkldh; uhfr;ksa dks izHkkfor djrs gSa_ mnkgj.kkFkZ] loZlsok la?k] loksZn;] uksV
Hkwnku] [kknh xzkeks|ksx la?k] xkaèkh 'kkafr izfr"Bku bR;kfn ,sls gh lewg gSaA
4- Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa izn'kZudkjh ncko lewgµizn'kZudkjh ncko lewg vusd fodklksUeq[k jk"Vªksa dh
jkt&O;oLFkk dh fo'ks"krk gS vkSj Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa budks ,dne uokxr rF; ugha dgk tk ldrkA
izn'kZudkjh xqV os gSa tks viuh ek¡xksa dks ysdj voSèkkfud mik;ksx dk iz;ksx djrs gq, fgalk] jktuhfrd
gR;k] naxs vkSj vU; vkozQked joS;k viuk ysrs gSaA izn'kZudkjh fojksèk vkSj izR;{k dk;Zokgh] dbZ izdkj
osQ gSa_ tSls tulHkk,¡] xyh&owQpk cSBd] in&;k=kk jSyh] fojksèk fnol eukuk] gM+rky] èkjuk] lR;kxzg]
vu'ku] lkoZtfud laifÙk dks gkfu igq¡pkuk] vfXunkg] vkokxeu vo#¼ djuk] ?ksjuk] vkfnA buosQ
}kjk laxfBr xqV u osQoy viuk vlarks"k O;Dr djrs gSa vfirq ljdkj osQ fuos'k (Inputs) rFkk fuxZr
(Outputs) <k¡ps dks izHkkfor djrs gq, fu;e&fuekZ.k (Rule making), fu;e iz;qDr (Rule

application)] ,oa fu;e&vfèkfu.kZ;u (Rule adjudication) osQ Lo:i dks Hkh Nw ysrs gSaA ;s xqV
fdlh fo'ks"k uhfr dks cuokus vFkok cnyus osQ fy, ljdkj ij ncko Mkyrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa izn'kZudkjh ncko xqVksa osQ mn; dk dkj.k ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd ljdkj yksxksa dh
U;k;ksfpr ek¡xksa dh vksj è;ku ugha nsrh vkSj jktuhfrd ny lHkh izdkj osQ yksxksa dh ek¡xksa dk leqfpr
izfrfufèkRo ugha djrsA tc 'kkafriw.kZ ek¡xksa dh rjiQ è;ku ugha fn;k tkrk rks ncko xqV oSèkkfud <k¡ps
ls gVdj dk;Z djuk izkjaHk dj nsrs gSaA
Lokèkhurk izkfIr osQ i'pkr~ vusd egÙoiw.kZ fu.kZ; izn'kZudkjh xqVksa osQ ncko osQ iQyLo:i fy, x,
gSaA bUgha osQ ncko osQ iQyLo:i psUubZ] eqacbZ o iatkc jkT;ksa dk foHkktu gqvkA iwok±py esa u;s jkT;ksa
dk fuekZ.k djuk iM+kA ljdkj dh xkS&oèk uhfr osQ fojksèk esa lkèkqvksa us vu'ku fd;k ,oa fganh Hkk"kk
osQ leFkZdksa us vaxzsth osQ fojksèk esa lR;kxzg fd;kA caxky esa uDlyoknh xqV dk mn; gqvk ftlus
fgalk] gR;k] ywVikV vkfn lkèkuksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ljdkj dk Hkwfe&lqèkkj] Hkwfe osQ U;k;ksfpr
forj.k rFkk Hkw&Jfedksa dh nSfud etnwjh c<+kus dh vksj è;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA

11-7 Hkkjrh; ncko lewgksa dh fo'ks"krk,¡
(The Specific Features of Indian Model of Pressure Groups)

izks- ek;ju ohuj dh jpuk ^ikWfyfVDl vkWiQ LoSQjflVh* Hkkjr esa ncko jktuhfr dk fo'ys"k.k djus okyh
izFke oSKkfud jpuk gSA ohuj osQ ckn LVsuyh dkspuhd dk xzaFk ^fctusl ,aM ikWfyfVDl bu bafM;k*
Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa O;kikfj;ksa osQ ncko lewgksa dh Hkwfedk dk lw{e vè;;u izLrqr djrk gSA ohuj rFkk
dkspuhd osQ fu"d"kks± osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr esa ncko o fgr lewgksa dh fuEu fujkyh fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa %

1- Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa ijaijkoknh ncko lewg_ tSls tkfr] leqnk;] èkeZ vkSj izknsf'kd xqV fu.kkZ;d Hkwfedk
vnk dj jgs gSaA vfèkdka'k jktuhfrd ny tkfr vkSj leqnk; osQ vkèkkj ij gh vius vuq;kf;;ksa dks
laxfBr djrs gSaA tkrh; leqnk; dks vkt Hkh Hkkjr esa ^csrkt osQ ljrkt* dgk tk ldrk gSA
2- vfèkdka'k leqnk;kRed ncko lewgksa ij jktuhfrd nyksa dk fu;a=k.k gSA mudk usr`Ro jktuhfrd nyksa
osQ usrkvksa osQ gkFkksa esa gS vkSj mUgsa ^ny osQ ihNs nyh; lÙkk* dgk tk ldrk gS] foaQrq ;g Hkh ,d
fofp=k lR; gS fd izeq[k O;kikj&m|ksx fgr lewg nyh; fu;a=k.k ls Lok;Ùk gSaA
3- vius jktuhfrd fgrksa dh iwfrZ osQ fy, dfri; jktuhfrd nyksa us v¼Z&lSfud Lo:i okys xqIr
laxBuksa dk Hkh fuekZ.k fd;k gSA
4- Lokèkhurk izkfIr osQ rqjar ckn lkoZtfud uhfr osQ fuekZ.k esa ncko lewgksa dh lhfer Hkwfedk n`"VO; gSA
5- foxr oqQN o"kks± esa osaQnzh; ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa ij Hkkjrh; la?k osQ jkT;ksa dk Hkh izHkko iM+us yxk gS
vkSj jkT; laxfBr ncko Mkyus dk iz;kl djus yxs gSaA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 139