Page 49 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

lkekftd laLFkk,¡

uksV 4-9- ttekuh O;oLFkk dk iru (Decline of Jajmani System)

vc ttekuh O;oLFkk osQ }kjk xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dk T;knk dk;Z ugha gksrkA vc rd ttekuh lacaèk cgqr
lkjs xk¡oksa esa cny x, gSaA oqQN xk¡oksa esa rks ;g iw.kZr% lekIr gks x;h gSA bl lanHkZ esa ge xkmYM (Gould)
osQ 'kksèk fu"d"kks± dk mYys[k dj ldrs gSa (,p- ,- xkmYM] ttekuh flLVe vkWiQ ukWFkZ bafM;k% bV~l LVªDpj]
eSXuhP;wM ,aM ehfuax- ,FkuksykWth 1964)A mUgksusa mÙkj izns'k osQ orZeku iQStkckn 'kgj osQ nf{k.k Hkkx dh
?kuh vkcknh okys bykosQ 'ks:jiqj vkSj ukdVhiqj dk vè;;u fd;kA muosQ vè;;u osQ vuqlkj N% fo'ks"kK
tkfr;ksa osQ ifjokj nwljs xk¡o osQ yksxksa osQ lkFk] ttekuh lacaèk cuk, j[krs gSa vkSj muesa ls lokZfèkd tteku
èkksch tkfr osQ gSaA budk izfr'kr yxHkx 77 gS tks fuf'pr vukt Hkqxrku osQ vkèkkj ij dke djrs gSaA blosQ
ckn c<+bZ vkSj yqgkj osQ xzkgdksa dh la[;k lcls vfèkd ;kuh 69 vkSj 67 izfr'kr gSA ukb;ksa osQ xzkgdksa dh
la[;k 62 izfr'kr gS tks ttekuh izFkk ls dke djokrs gSa] gkykafd O;kolkf;d rkSj ij ukbZ vklkuh ls
miyCèk gSaA BkoqQj vkSj czkãe.kksa osQ 70 izfr'kr ttekuh lacaèk gSaA xkmYM fu"d"kZr% ;g dgrs gSa fd ttekuh
izFkk osQ tkjh jgus dk lcls cM+k dkj.k fo'ks"kK tkfr;ksa] [kkldj ukbZ vkSj èkksch osQ dk;ks± osQ ^^laLdkjxr
egÙo gSaA os roZQ nsrs gq, dgrs gSa fd c<+bZ vkSj yqgkj vius xzkgdksa dh egÙoiw.kZ la[;k dks cuk, j[k losQ]
D;ksafd ^^c<+bZ vkSj yqgkj osQ lkFk ikjaifjd laacaèk cuk, j[kuk ?kj ifjokj osQ fy, lkekftd n`f"V ls
egÙoiw.kZ gSA**
eSaMy ckme dgrs gSa fd ttekuh ysu&nsu dh mijksDr la[;k bl ckr dks ifjyf{kr ugha djrh fd xzkeh.k
vFkZO;oLFkk esa bl izdkj osQ ysu&nsu dk cgqr egÙo FkkA oLrq fLFkfr blosQ fcyoqQy foijhr gS tSlk fd
fuEufyf[kr rF; ls tkfgj gksrk gS&^^lcls dherh vkSj mRiknd iQly bZ[k gS vkSj ;g udnh iQly
ttekuh osQ varxZr ugha vkrhA ,sls 70 ?kjksa esa tks ttekuh lacaèk pyk jgs gSa] 1960 esa 221 Vu vkukt dk
mRiknu gqvkA bl mRiknu esa ek=k 3 Vu ttekuh fo'ks"kKksa osQ chp fuf'pr Hkqxrku osQ :i esa forfjr fd,
x,A**
,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd ttekuh lacaèk vkt Hkh ;K&;ktuksa vkSj lkekftd fu;eksa osQ fy, egÙoiw.kZ gSaA
'ks:jiqj] udVhiqj vkSj ttekuh okys cgqr lkjs nwljs xk¡oksa esa ^^vkfFkZd Hkqxrku LFkkf;Ro dk ,d fu;ked
gSA blls c<+dj ;g muosQ fy, LFkkuh; lkekftd fu;eksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djrk gS tks T;knk ls T;knk
;K&;ktu lacèkh lsok,¡ izkIr dj ldrs gSaA** xkmYm dgrs gSa fd ttekuh O;oLFkk ,d èkkfeZd }Sèk ls iSnk
gksrk gSA ;g }Sèk 'kq¼&v'kq¼ dh èkkj.kk gS ftldk fØ;kUo;u èkkfeZd vkSj vkfFkZd lacaèkksa dh tfVyrk ;qDr
O;oLFkk esa gksrk gS tks LFkkuh; lanHkZ osQ vk;keksa dks lekfgr vkSj cgqr gn rd ifjHkkf"kr djrh gSA ;g Hkh
ns[krs gSa fd ttekuh O;oLFkk blfy, Hkh lekIr gks jgh gS D;ksafd xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk esa vc #i;s dk
vfèkd iz;ksx gks jgk gSA bldk dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd vkèkqfud ;krk;kr osQ lkèkuksa us ck”kkj osQ lkFk ysunsu
dks T;knk laHko cuk fn;k gSA

4-10 lkjka'k (Summary)

l vkfFkZd xfrfofèk;ksa bfrgkl esa ges'kk ekuotkfr dh izeq[k xfrfoèk;k¡ jgh gSaA vkfFkZd laLFkkvksa osQ ckjs
esa lekt'kkfL=k;ksa dh fpark bl rF; ls mitrh gS fd vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd thou osQ vU; i{k ,d
nwljs osQ lkFk ?kfu"Brk ls tqM+s gq, gSaA
l gekjk vkt dk tfVy vkfFkZd laxBu izkphu le; esa Hkkstu bdV~Bk djus vkSj f'kdkj djus dh
laLo`Qfr ls izkjaHk gqvkA ;s f'kdkjh leqnk; vkfFkZd :i ls Lokoyach FksA blhfy, O;kikj dk dksbZ
vfLrRo ugha FkkA blosQ lkFk gh fofue; esa cgqr lh xaHkhj O;kogkfjd leL;k,¡ FkhaA vkfne cfLr;k¡
,d nwljs ls cgqr nwj Fkha vkSj vkokxeu osQ lkèku vfodflr FksA
l fdlh [kkl cLrh osQ Hkhrj fofue; vfrfFk&lRdkj ;k migkj nsdj fd;k tkrk FkkA

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