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bdkbZ 4 % ttekuh O;oLFkk
l tehu dk futh bLrseky laHko ugha FkkA ,d tutkfr vius izHkko dh o`f¼ taxy osQ fdlh [kkl {ks=k uksV
esa djrh FkhA èkhjs&èkhjs f'kdkj osQ }kjk Hkkstu ls thou&;kiu dh O;oLFkk [ksrh esa cny xbZA vkfne
lekt osQ yksx [ksrksa dh moZjk 'kfDr dks fofHkUu izdkj osQ [kknksa osQ bLrseky ls c<+kus dh dyk ugha
tkurs FksA blfy, >we [ksrh gh muosQ ikl ,d ek=k fodYIk cpkA
l eqnzk dh vuqifLFkfr osQ dkj.k vkfFkZd ysunsu ges'kk fofue; ij vkèkkfjr gksrk FkkA
l ttekuh O;oLFkk ,d vU; izdkj dh fofue; iz.kkyh gSA
l vius ewy vFkZ esa ttekuh vkfFkZd lacaèk dk eryc lsokvksa osQ cnys migkjksa dk fofue; Fkk ;k
Hkfo"; esa gks ldrk FkkA ;g vFkZ vkt Hkh ugha cnyk gSA ttekuh dk lacaèk tkfr osQ ctk; ifjokj
ls gksrk gSA bl izdkj ,d fdlku ifjokj [ksrh osQ èkkfRod midj.k fdlh [kkl yqgkj ifjokj ls ikrk
gS vkSj mlosQ cnys esa og iQly osQ le; fdlku ls vukt dk ,d Hkkx gkfly djrk gSA
l ttekuh lacaèk bl vFkZ esa cgqvk;keh gS fd bldk nk;jk vkfFkZd rkSj ij O;kid gSA ;tekuh lacaèk
deZdkaMh (ritual) ekeyksa rFkk lkekftd leFkZu osQ lkFk lkFk vkfFkZd vknku&iznku dks Hkh
fuf'pr djrs gSaA lsoknkj tkfr;k¡ laLdkj rFkk vU; deZdkaMh dÙkZO;ksa dks ikyu ;teku osQ ?kj ij
tUe] fookg vkSj e`R;q tSls voljksa ij djrs gSaA
l ;tekuh O;oLFkk esa fufgr Hkwfedk,¡ ;tekuksa vkSj dehuksa dh gSaA dehu tkfr;k¡ ;teku tkfr;ksa osQ
fy, oqQN is'ksoj] vkfFkZd o lkekftd lsok,¡ djrha gSa ftlosQ cnys esa ;teku mUgsa fof'k"V voljksa
;k fuf'pr vofèk osQ ckn Hkqxrku djrs gSa]
l ,d dehu vius lsO; osQ izfr vfèkdkjksa dks nwljs dehu dks csp ldrk gSA
l ;tekuksa vkSj dehuksa osQ fy, dÙkZO;ksa] vfèkdkjksa] Hkqxrku rFkk lqfoèkkvksa ls lacafèkr oqQN izfreku gSaA
;teku dks vius dehuksa osQ izfr laj{kd Hkko j[kuk iM+rk gS rFkk mudh ek¡xksa dks iwjk djuk iM+rk
gSA ;tekuh izFkk esa nku'khyrk vkSj mnkjrk] èkkfeZd dÙkZO; rFkk vlekurk bZ'ojh; nsu le>h tkrh
gS tks fd lkaLo`Qfrd ewY; ekus tkrs gSaA
l ;teku gksus dk vFkZ Fkk ,d :f<+oknh fgUnw gksuk ftldk ewY; O;oLFkk esa oqQN fo'ks"kKksa (lsod
tkfr;ksa) osQ lkFk laioZQ cukuk vko';d FkkA tehankj gksus dk eryc gksrk Fkk 'kkld oxZ dk gksuk
(Harold Gould, 1987 : 185)A ;teku dehu dk 'kks"kd ugha Fkk ;|fi tehankj ^'kks"kd* gks
ldrk FkkA ^;teku* cuus dh bPNk gksuk ^lkearh fLFkfr* ;k ^de”kksjksa osQ 'kks"k.k dh vksj >qdko* dk
gksuk ugha gS cfYd oqQN fjoktksa dk ikyu djus vkSj vifo=k thou ls cpus dh bPNk gSA
l gky osQ o"kks± esa ;tekuh lacaèk cgqr de”kksj gks x, gSaA vc xk¡o dh vFkZO;oLFkk ;tekuh ysus&nsus
ij ugha pyrhA oqQN xk¡oksa esa rks ;g iw.kZr% lekIr gks x;h gSA
4-11 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
1- ttekuh O;oLFkkµtteku vkSj dehuksa osQ chp lsO;&lsoknkj laca/ksa dks ttekuh O;oLFkk dgrs gSaA
2- >we [ksrhµvkfne lekt esa ”kehu dh moZjk 'kfDr cpk, j[kus osQ fy, Hkwfe dk VqdM+k yacs le;
rd iz;ksx esa ugha yk;k tkrk FkkA
3- dehuµttekuksa dh lsok djus okyh fuEu tkfr;k¡ dehu dgykrh FkhaA
4-12 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Question)
1- vkfne lekt dk Lo:i Li"V djrs gq, mldh oqQN egÙoiw.kZ fo'ks"krkvksa ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
2- ttekuh O;oLFkk osQ Lo:i ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
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