Page 94 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke (1707&1947 bZ-)

uksV (barons of Oudh) dgykus esa xoZ vuqHko djrs Fks] ogh fczfV'k lkezkT; ds LrEHk cu x,A bl izdkj
lkeUroknh vkSj izfrfØ;koknh rRo lkezkT;okn ds fo'ks"k d`ikik=k cu x,A
1858 dh ?kks"k.kk esa fo'okl fnyk;k x;k Fkk fd ¶gekjh iztk fdlh Hkh tkfr vFkok /eZ dh D;ksa u
gks] LorU=k :i ls vkSj fcuk HksnHkko ds mu dk;ks± ds fy, ftuds fy, og viuh fo|k] ;ksX;rk rFkk
bZekunkjh ls djus ds ;ksX; gks] gekjh lsok rFkk inksa ij fu;qDr dh tk,xhA¸ bl izfrKk dks iw.kZ djus
ds fy, 1861 esa Hkkjrh; tuin lsok vf/fu;e (Indian Civil Service Act) cuk;k x;k ftlds
vuqlkj izR;sd o"kZ y.Mu esa ,d izfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk gqvk djsxh rkfd laJkfor tuin lsok (Covenanted

Civil Service) esa HkrhZ dh tk ldsA nqHkkZX;o'k tks foLr`r fu;e bl ijh{kk ds fy, cuk, x, muls
;g lsok dsoy vaxszTkksa dh ifjjf{kr cuh gSA
bl fonzksg ds fy, eq[;r% Hkkjrh; lsuk gh mÙkjnk;h FkhA bldk iw.kZr;k iquxZBu fd;k x;k vkSj bldk
xBu ¶foHkktu vkSj izfrrksyu (division and counterpoise)¸ dh uhfr ij fd;k x;kA 1861 dh
¶lsuk lafeJ.k ;kstuk (Army Amalgamation Scheme)¸ ds vuqlkj dEiuh dh ;wjksih; lsuk ljdkj
dks gLrkUrfjr dj nh xbZA ;wjksih; lSfudksa dks le;≤ ij baXySaM Hkstdj mudk fujUrj uohdj.k
(renovation) fd;k tkrk FkkA ;wjksih; lSfudksa dh 1857 ls igys dh la[;k tks 40]000 Fkh vc
65]000 dj nh xbZ vkSj Hkkjrh; lsuk dh la[;k tks igys 2]38]000 Fkh vc 1]40]000 fuf'pr dj
nh xbZ vkSj ,d lk/kj.k lw=k (formula) ;g cu x;k fd caxky iszflMsUlh esa ;wjksih; vkSj Hkkjrh;
lSfudksa dk vuqikr 1%2 dk gksuk pkfg, vkSj enzkl rFkk cEcbZ izsfT+kMsfUl;ksa esa 1%3 dkA blds vfrfjDr
Hkkjrh; lSfudksa ls izfrrksyu (counterpoise) fd;k tkuk pkfg,A bl Hkkouk dk lsuk ds iquxZBu ds
fy, iatkc lfefr dh fjiksVZ esa bu 'kCnksa esa o.kZu fd;k x;k Fkk % ¶fof'k"Vrk (distincion) tks ,d
cgqr ewY;oku oLrq gS vkSj tks vc rd bl izdkj pyrh jgh gS fd ns'k ds eqlyekuksa dks nwljs ns'k
ds eqlyekuksa ls Hk;Hkhr rFkk ?k`.kk djkrh gS&dks cuk, j[kus ds gsrq Hkfo"; esa lSfud fudkl (corps)
izkUrh; gksuk pkfg, vkSj mu {ks=kksa esa] tgka izfr}fU}rk cgqr fo'ks"k :i ls yf{kr gS] mls HkkSxksfyd lhek
rd lhfer j[kuk pkfg,A¸ lsuk vkSj rksi[+kkus esa mQaps in dsoy ;wjksih;ksa ds fy, gh vkjf{kr dj fn,
x,A 1857 ds fonzksg ds i'pkr ipkl o"kks± esa ,d Hkh Hkkjrh; ¶jkt vk;qfDr (Viceroy’s Commission)¸
ds Hkkjrh; inkf/dkfj;ksa ls vf/d mÙke ekus tkrs jgsA
bl rF; dks vf/dkf/d :i esa vuqHko fd;k x;k fd bl fonzksg dk ,d ewYkHkwr dkj.k] 'kkflrksa vkSj
'kkldksa ds chp lEidZ dk u gksuk FkkA lj ckVZy iz+sQvj (Sir Bartle Frere) us viuh 1860 dh izfl¼
fVIi.kh esa fo/ku ifj"knksa esa ¶LFkkuh; rRoksa¸ (native elements) dks lfEefyr djus dk vkxzg fd;k
FkkA ,slk fo'okl fd;k x;k fd Hkkjrh;ksa dks fo/ku dk;Z esa lgdkjh cukus ls 'kkld Hkkjrh;ksa dks
Hkkoukvksa ls ifjfpr gks ldsaxs vkSj Hkze nwj djus ds volj fey ldsaxsA blh fn'kk esa ,d NksVk lk
iz;Ru Hkkjrh; ifj"kn~ vf/fu;e (Indian Councils Act) 1861 }kjk fd;k x;kA
lEHkor% bl fonzksg ds HkkoukRed izHkko lcls nqHkkZX;iw.kZ FksA tkrh; dVqrk bl la?k"kZ dh lcls nq"Vre
fjDFk (legacy) FkhA iap us vius O;axfp=kksa esa Hkkjrh;ksa dks miekuo tho (Sub-human creature) tks
vk/k xksfjYyk vkSj vk/k uhxzks Fkk] ds :i esa iznf'kZr fd;k tks dsoy ofj"B 'kfDr }kjk gh fu;U=k.k
esa j[kk tk ldrk FkkA Hkkjr esa lkezkT;okn ds ,tsUVksa us leLr Hkkjrh; yksxksa dks vfo'oluh; Bgjk
fn;k vkSj mUgsa vieku] frjLdkj vkSj fuUnuh; O;ogkj dk Hkkxh cuuk iM+kA tokgj yky usg: ds 'kCnksa
esa] ¶lkezkT;okn vkSj ,d tkfr dk nwljh tkfr ij vf/dkj cqjk rks gS gh vkSj tkrh;okn vkSj Hkh cqjk
gSA ijUrq lkezkT;okn vkSj tkrh;okn nksuksa feydj dsoy Hk; (horror) dh vksj vxzlj gksrs gSa vkSj os
mu lc yksxksa dks tks blls lEcfU/r gSa] iru dh vksj ys tkrs gSaA¸ Hkkjr esa vaxzsT+kksa us ,d ^Lokeh tkfr*
(master race) dh ijEijk cuk nhA ;g uohu lkezkT;okn dk vkSfpR; ^'osr O;fDr dk cks>* (White
man’s burden) ds n'kZu vkSj vaxzsT+kksa dh Hkkjr dks lH; cukus dh Hkwfedk }kjk fl¼ fd;k x;kA nksuksa

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