Page 145 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

g¤Swh okiBhse ftuko

B'N
Z
[
/
/
dh sbDk ftu finkdk ;fjws ;h. fJj wBy d ekoB dk fJe Tsgkd ;h, ns fJ;bJh ekoB
Z
[
Z
[
[
Z
q
'
{
/
[
'
nfXeko BjhA okiBhsh ftu ftubk jDk jh ;h. TBKB fJ; rb T¤s io fdsk fe gG Jh;to,
Z
Z
/
'
Q
Z
[
/
[
Z
edosh iK wbe eƒB ƒ gfoGk;fas eoD d bJh, feTAfe fJj wPeb ;h nkdwhnK d ftu ;wMsk
'
/
'
'
'
[
/
q
[
/
/
'
/
/
q
/
Z
j, ns fJ; geko ehs rJ fpibh, okiBhsh ftu eAdo fJ; wd ƒ mhe BjhA gkgs jtrk. jp;
Z
'
?
fjsK, d/yD d/ fJZe fpµdh fe Utilitarians wjkB ft;Eko d/ o{g ftZu ftef;s dh fJZe
'
?
/
/
Z
'
Z
;wMskeko d og ftu oki ƒ tfynk. jp; fJe oki d ;ko PeshPkbh pDkfJnk j, bfeB fJj
/
/
'
/
{
eJh nfXBkfJetkdh okeP; ;h. fJj nkdP, PKsh ns ;ofynk dh rkoNh eoD bJh ehsk ;h,
µ
Z
[
'
/
/
Z
/
ns nksw^tfvnkJh ftu eJh fdbu;gh BjhA ;h. jkbs ƒ fBnµsfos eoD bJh iK BjhA
'
?
/
/
'
/
'
/
ofiwAN ysoK j fe okiBhse og tbA ngk;fre ;B. jp; ;theko ehs iKd jB ;ukJh fJj j ?
µ
q
/
{
Z
?
Z
/
fe wBy rshftXhnK j jBfe ro okiBhse dkfJo ftu BjhA Sfvnk ik ;edk ;h d eJh geko d /
/
?
q
[
Z
;B.
• jp; nkbueK d eJh ;wki d T¤sw nfXekoh d nB;ko ;oeko ƒ fBnsfos eoD dh Ioos
'
µ
/
[
[
{
/
'
/
/
'
{
wfj;; jJh. (1657) bk;B ns tjkfJNjkb, jp; d ;wekbh nkbueK, eƒB dnkok Pk;eK
'
'
[
/
µ
µ
[
/
/
'
/
'
/
µ
[
/
'
'
pkfJv eoD dh bV dh wr ehsh j, ns Tj SN fij SN tbA jVgBk ukjd j. Tj ;G d ;G
?
?
[
/
'
/
/
µ
/
wBwkB Yr tbA ;s d BshihnK dh ;dj. ns tjkfJNjkb fejk fe jp; fttjkoe okiBhsh dk
/
Z
'
µ
/
'
q
[
'
eJh ftuko ;h, Clarendon ns ;oeko dh T;dh gwJ fesfow ;h. nkgD ;ko nkbueK bJh
/
/
/
/
/
q
'
'
/
q
[
Z
[
/
'
fJe ;hfws ns ;ftXkBe nfXeko bJh gdkB eoD dh bV T¤s Io fdsk. ns ;s d dog:r
/
Z
Z
µ
/
/
/
Z
[
'
q
Z
/
'
'
/
d dog:r ƒ oeD bJh ;woE ;ofynk TgokbhnK d fpBK ;kok nfXeko gdkB eoD d be nkgD /
/
[
[
nkg ngwkfBs jp; gouh.
'
• jp; nkbueK d eJh dBK ;ukJh dk fJe fpnkB d og ftu iK fJe goebgBk d og ftu edos
Z
{
/
'
'
/
{
Z
'
[
Z
Z
/
µ
'
/
/
[
d oki dh n;bhns tbA fJBeko ehsk. ieo nkdwhnK fJBk n;kwkfie ;B, Tj d Bkb nkTD
/
[
Z
Z
/
/
Z
?
/
bJh fJe Bkrfoe ;wki ns ;oeko ;Ekgs eoD ftu ;woEktkB j ed BjhA ehsk frnk jtrk.
'
ieo Tj nfijk eo ;edk j, sK Tj fJ;d fpBK ed BjhA frnk jtrk. TBK d nkbueK dk efjDk
/
[
/
[
'
/
/
/
'
?
[
Q
'
µ
µ
[
?
'
/
Z
j fe edos d oki jp; fusoD Mmh rb, fBjkfJs nshofis jo th ukbpkI ;h. pokjkb
{
Z
[
[
?
Z
/
/
Z
(1658L 503) B fNgDh ehsh j fe wBy edos d.obbesian roGXkoB nkdwhnK T[¤s fJe
/
gfotkd ;h, feTAfe Tj TBKƒ Gkb ns pfxnkVK tbA th tX GVk ftPPsk. (1672L 14)
{
[
?
Q
/
[
[
/
Z
'
?
Z
{
Z
µ
[
/
Eachard wfj;; ehsk j fe wBy iksh, jp; ftPbPD bJh ftgohs, fJi jh t; ftu ;h ns /
'
T; ;wki dPNsk ƒ gshfpfps BjhA ehsk fe jp; ;kƒ ftPtk; eoDk ukjdk ;h. ftPtk; j fe
µ
?
'
µ
[
[
q
[
[
/
[
'
GrtkB B wBy gPnK dh sbDk ftu xN BjhA pDk ;h. nkgD nkXfBe dGkPhnK d nB;ko, jp;
/
[
/
[
Z
Z
[
Z
[
?
wBy edos dnkok Bfse og tbA sN;E jD d bJh, bJh fJj ;Gt ;h fJe nkgD nkg dhnK
/
'
[
Z
[
[
/
{
µ
Z
'
'
/
q
[
{
/
[
'
µ
q
ePPK tbA GrtkB dh fegk d fpBK yPh, gkgs eoD dk gsk ubk j. yPh ns ufrnkJh goh soK Q
?
tbA fJe ftnesh bJh ;wki pDkTD ns fJj dbhba tbA ƒ fBnsfos eoD dh ;woEk d /
Z
[
/
'
'
µ
Z
wkwbhnK ;B.
• fJ;d fJbktk, fBogy oki dh ;gGsk d jp; XkoBk bwkJh ftu nk;fNB ns Bentham dnkok
µ
/
[
µ
/
Z
'
/
q
[
/
Z
[
[
µ
q
µ
{
/
Z
ftef;s ehsk frnk ;h. TBKB df;nk fe no;s ;gGsk dk fJe soe;rs roGXkoB dh
Q
138
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY