Page 237 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV loZizFke bUghsa U;k;ky;ksa esa vkrs gSaA ;s fuèkkZj.k (Assessment) lacaèkh fooknksa] lkoZtfud fuekZ.k] LFkkuh; fuokZpu]
Bhdk&Hkax (Breach of Contract) vkfn iz'uksa dk fu.kZ; djrs gSaA blosQ fu.kZ;ksa osQ fo:¼ jkT; ifj"kn~ esa vihy
dh tkrh gSA
jkT; ifj"kn~ % jkT; ifj"kn~ (Council of State) jk"Vª dk loksZPp iz'kkldh; U;k;ky; gSA bldk vè;{k Úkal
dk U;k;&eU=kh gksrk gSA blosQ vèkhu ,d mikèk;{k rFkk ikap foHkkxkè;{k jgrs gSaA bl ifj"kn~ esa 149 lnL; gksrs
gSa ftudh fu;qfDr U;k;&eU=kh osQ ijke'kZ ls jk"Vªifr djrk gSA ;g Lora=k] xkSjoiw.kZ] 'kfDr'kkyh rFkk izHkkoiw.kZ
laLFkk gSA ;g izknsf'kd ifj"knksa osQ fu.kZ; osQ fo:¼ vihy lqurh gSA iz'kkldh; U;k; dk okLrfod mÙkjnk;h blh
osQ dUèkksa ij gSA ;g eaf=keaMy dks mlosQ }kjk tkjh fd;s tkus okys vkns'kksa vFkok vkKkfIr;ksa osQ lEcUèk esa ijke'kZ
nsrh gSA ljdkj osQ fofHkUu foHkkxksa osQ chp mRiUu fooknksa dk Hkh ;g fucVkjk djrh gSA bldh dk;Z&iz.kkyh cgqr
lkèkkj.k gSA ;g laLFkk turk osQ vfèkdkjksa dks lqjf{kr j[kus esa egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z djrh gSA
(x) laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ (Constitutional Council) : laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ Úkalhlh U;k; O;oLFkk dh vuks[kh
fo'ks"krk gSA Hkkjr rFkk la;qDr&jkT; vesfjdk esa fofèk;ksa dh laoSèkkfudrk dh tkap djus dk vfèkdkj loksZPp
U;k;ky; dks fn;k x;k gSA bls U;kf;d iqufoZyksdu (Judicial Review) dk vfèkdkj dgrs gSaA Úkal esa iqufoZyksdu
dk vfèkdkj fu;fer U;k;ky;ksa dks u nsdj ,d&nwljh laLFkk dks fn;k x;k gS ftls laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ (constitutional
Council) dgrs gSaA bls v¼Z&U;kf;d laLFkk (Quasi-Judicial Institution) Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA
lafoèkku osQ lkrosa vè;k; esa laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ osQ laxBu rFkk dk;ks± dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA blesa 9 lnL; gksrs
gSa tks 9 o"kks± osQ fy, fu;qDr fd;s tkrs gSaA izR;sd rhu o"kksZa ij ,d&frgkbZ lnL; vodk'k xzg.k djrs gSaA rhu
lnL; jk"Vªifr }kjk] rhu jk"Vªh; lHkk osQ vè;{k }kjk rhu flusV osQ lHkkifr }kjk fu;qDr fd;s tkrs gSaA lnL;ksa osQ
vfrfjDr Úkal osQ HkwriwoZ jk"Vªifr blosQ insu (Ex-Officio) lnL; gksrs gSaA blosQ vè;{k dh fu;qfDr jk"Vªifr osQ
}kjk gksrh gSA vè;{k dks fu.kkZ;d er (Casting vote) nsus dk vfèkdkj gSA laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ osQ lkFk&lkFk
eaf=keaMy vFkok laln osQ lnL; ugha gks ldrs gSaA vkafxd fofèk osQ }kjk ifj"kn~ osQ laxBu rFkk dk;Z&iz.kkyh dks
fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ osQ fuEufyf[kr dk;Z gS&

(1) jk"Vªifr dk fuokZpu fu;fer :i ls djokuk rFkk fuokZpu&lEcUèkh lHkh vkjksiksa dh tk¡p djuk vkSj fu.kZ; nsuk
(2) laln&lnL;ksa osQ fuokZpu dh vfu;ferrk dk fujkdj.k djuk]
(3) tuer&laxzg dks fu;fer (regualte) djuk rFkk mlosQ ifj.kke dh ?kks"k.kk djuk

(4) vkafxd fofèk;ksa (Organic laws) rFkk vU; fofèk;ksa osQ izorZu (Promulgation) dh iw.kZ laoSèkkfudrk dh
tk¡p laoSèkkfud ifj"kn~ }kjk vfuok;Z gS vFkZ ;g fd bl ifj"kn~ dks U;kf;d leh{kk (Judicial review)

dk vfèkdkj izkIr gSA
(?k) mPp U;kf;d ifj"kn~ (The High Council of the Judiciary): jk"Vªifr U;kf;d Lora=krk dk laj{kd gSA
bl dk;Z esa mldh lgk;rk osQ fy, mPp U;kf;d ifj"kn~ dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA jk"Vªifr bldk vè;{k rFkk
U;k;&ea=kh insu (ex-officio) mikè;{k gksrk gSA ;g ifj"kn~ Úkal osQ loksZPp U;k;ky; (The Court of Cessation)
osQ U;k;kèkh'kksa vkSj iqujkosnu&U;k;ky;ksa osQ vè;{k dh fu;qfDr djrh gSA bls vuq'kklu lEcUèk ekeyksa esa Hkh fu.kZ;
nsus dk vfèkdkj gSA U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=krk dh j{kk osQ flyflys esa ;g jk"Vªifr dh lgk;rk djrh gSA
(M) U;k; dk mPp U;k;ky; (The High Court of Justice): ;g ,d jktuSfrd U;k;ky; (Political
Court) gSA blosQ lnL;ksa dk fuokZpu laln osQ nksuksa lnu djrs gSaA izR;sd lkèkkj.k vFkok v¼Z&fuokZpu osQ
i'pkr~ jk"Vªh; lHkk vkSj flusV vius gh lnL;ksa esa ls cjkcj&cjkcj la[;k esa bl mPp U;k;ky; osQ lnL;ksa dks
fuokZfpr djrs gSaA vius gh lnL;ksa esa ls U;k;ky; viuk vè;{k pqurk gSA jk"Vªifr ij ns'kæksg osQ fy,] eaf=k;ksa

232 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY