Page 74 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV nksuksa gh bdkbZ;ksa esa nks ^lk/kj.k* ifjokj gSaA pV~Vksikè;k; us nksuksa gh ifjokjks dks fefJr ifjokj dh Js.kh esa
j[kk gSA ;g ^lk/kj.k* ifjokj esa bl vFkZ esa fHkUu gS fd blesa cPpksa ds nks leqPp; (lsV) gSa) ,d e`r
lkFkh ls vkSj nwljk thfor lkFkh ls ftlls iqufoZokg gqvk gSA fdUrq cPpksa ds nks leqPp;ksa esa ,d ek¡ ;k cki
leku (common) gSA dHkh&dHkh ,d lkFkh vius lkFkh ds thfor jgrs Hkh iqufoZokg dj ysrk gS] vFkkZr~ ;k
rks ,d iq#"k ds nks ifRu;k¡ gSa ;k ,d L=kh ds nks ifrA ,sls izR;sd ekeys esa Hkh nks ^lk/kj.k* ifjokj lfEefyr
gSaA pV~Vksikè;k; us ,sls ifjokjksa dks Hkh fefJr ifjokj dh laKk nh gSA os ,sls ifjokj dks ^fefJr cgq iRuh
ifjokj* (compound polygynous family) dgrs gSa ftlesa ,d iq#"k dh nks ifRu;k¡ vkSj nks izdkj dh lUrku
gks( tcfd os ,d ,sls ifjokj dks ftlesa ,d L=kh vius nks ifr;ksa ds lkFk nks izdkj ds cPpksa ds lkFk ¼nksuksa
ifr;ksa ls½ jgrh gks ^fefJr cgqifr ifjokj* (compound polyandrous family) dgrs gSaA
cgq fookg ls tqM+us okys ,dkdh ifjokj ^cgq fookgh* (polygamous) ifjokj dgykrs gSa rFkk ekrk&firk o
cPps ds lEcU/ksa ls tqM+s gq, ifjokj ^la;qDr* ifjokj ;k ^foLrkfjr* (extended) ifjokj dgykrs gSaA ;g foLrkj
{kSfrt (horizontal) ;k mnxz (vertical) nksuksa gh gks ldrk gSA la;qDr ifjokj esa lejs[kh; (linearly) #i ls
tqM+s ,dkdh ifjokj ,d lkFk jgrs gSa vkSj lkekU; vkf/iR; (common authority) esa dk;Z djrs gSaA bl izdkj
^la;qDr ifjokj* ,d gh ?kj esa jgus okys nks ;k nks ls vf/d lejs[kh; :i ls tqM+s iq#"kksa] mudh ifRu;ksa
vkSj lUrkuksa ls feydj cuk gksrk gS tks ,d gh O;fDr ds vf/iR; esa gksrs gSaA
la;qDr ifjokj dbZ izdkj dk gks ldrk gS% (i) ,d O;fDr] mldh iRuh] muds vfookfgr csVs o csfV;ka rFkk
muds fookfgr csVs viuh vfookfgr larku ds lkFk] (ii) ,d O;fDr] mldh iRuh] mlds vfookfgr cPps rFkk
ml ¼O;fDr½ ds ekrk&firk (iii) ,d O;fDr] mldh iRuh] ml (O;fDr) ds ekrk&firk] mlds vfookfgr
cPps rFkk fookfgr iq=k o mu (iq=kksa) ds cPps] (iv) dbZ HkkbZ viuh iRuh ,oa cPpksa lfgr (v) dbZ HkkbZ viuh
iRuh] cPpksa o ekrk&firk lfgrA

js[kkfp=k 2

fHkUu'kk[kh la;qDr ifjokj
lejs[kh; l;qDr ifjokj
a
(Lineal Joint Family) (Colateral Joint Family)
Lo (bxks) $ iRuh Lo (bxks) $ iRuh

iq=k $ iRuh i=k i=kh
q
q
iq=k $ iRuh iq=k $ iRuh iq=k (i=kh $ ifr)
q
vU;a=k jgrs gS
ik=k $ iRuh ik=kh
S
S
ikS=k $ iRuh ikS=k $ iRuh iq=k i=kh
bl vk/kj ij ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd la;qDr ifjokj ;k rks lejs[kh; gks ldrk gS (tgka foLrkj mnxz gks)
;k fHkUu'kk[kkbZ gks ldrk gS ¼tgka foLrkj {kSfrt gks)A
lÙkk vkf/kiR; (Authority) ds vk/kkj ij ifjokjksa dk oxhZdj.k bl izdkj fd;k tk ldrk gS% ifr lÙkkewyd
(husband-dominant) iRuh lÙkkewyd (wife-dominant) rFkk lerkoknh (equalitarian)A ,slk lerkoknh
ifjokj ftlesa ifr iRuh feydj vf/dka'k fu.kZ; ysrs gksa] mls ^leUo;oknh ifjokj* (Syncretic family) dgrs
gSa] vkSj ,slk ifjokj ftlesa nksuksa thou lkfFk;ksa dks vyx&vyx cjkcj ds fu.kZ; lkSai fn;s tkrs gSa] mls
^Lok;Ùkkoknh ifjokj* (autonomic family) dgrs gSaA

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