Page 147 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
t'N gkT[D dk nfXeko iK u'D bVD dh ;[szsosk dk gqPB jh BjhA T[mdk ;h. fJ;sqhnK Bz{ ;GktK ftu BØN
gqt/P dh nkfrnk BjhA ;h feT[Afe fJBQK ;EkBK dk gq:'r okiBhfse ftuko^tNKdo/ d/ nbktk i[nk ns/
Pokp dh tos'A nkfd d/ bJh th ehsk iKdk ;h. e[M T[dkjoD nfij/ io{o jB idfe fJ;sqhnK nkgD/ gsh
d/ Bkb :[ZX d/ ;EkB ftu iKdhnK ;B, fit/A okwkfJD ftu e?e/Jh dk :Z[X ftu ikDk. w?r;EBhi B/
uzdor[gs w"fonk d/ wfjb ftu P;so wfjbk nzr^ofyneK dk ;zdoG fdZsk j?l e"fNfbnk B/ th ‘noE
Pk;so’ ftu P;so wfjbk nzr^oZfyneK dh rZb ejh j? i' sho ewkB Bkb ;[P'fGs ;?fBeK d/ o{g ftu
j[zdhnK ;B. ;' id g[oPK Bz{ jh okiBhfse nfXeko gqkgs BjhA ;B sd fJ;sqhnK dh nkgDh nbr s'A
okiBhfse gfo;fEshnK fet/A j' ;edh ;h.
Xkofwe y/so ftu gsBh ;ko/ nfXekoK dk T[gG'r eodh ;h ns/ fB:fws o{g Bkb nkgD/ gsh d/ Bkb
;ko/ Xkofwe ezwK s/ ;z;ekoK ftu fjZ;k b?Adh ;h. tk;st ftu, Xkofwe ezw sd se ng{oD wzB/ iKd/
;B id se gsBh T[; ftu fjZ;k BjhA b?Adh ;h. fJ;sqhnK Xkofwe tkoskbkgK ftu nZr/ j'e/ fjZ;k b?AdhnK
;B. ftfrnkBe Xkofwe f;XKsK ns/ ohshnK d/ ;zfjskeoD eoB bJh iBe tor/ okfinK d[nkok nk:'fis
ftPt dh nB'yh Xowh ns/ ;zgqdkfJnK d/ ;zw/bB ftu rkorh, pqkjwtkfdBh, tkukeBph torh ftd{Ph
wfjbktK dk fjZ;k b?Dk ns/ g[oPK d/ Bkb Pk;sokoE eoBk fJ; ;Zu dk fXT[se j? fe gqkuhB Gkos ftu
fJ;sqhnK dk Xkofwe y/so ftu T[Zuk ;EkB ;h. i?fwBh dh ‘g{ot whwK;k’ ftu, fi;dh fNek ;po ;tkwh
B/ fbyh, tofDs j? fe T[Zu/ Xkofwe ;z;ekoK ftu fJ;sqh g[oP dh Gkrhdkoh pokpo dh j[zdh ;h. j/wkdoh
B/ f;fyns nDftnkjh efBnKtK (e[wkoh) Bz{ ‘ftd{Ph’ fejk j? ns/ dZf;nk j? fe nfijh efBnKtK dk
ftnkj pokpo d/ f;fyns to, fi;Bz{ ‘wBhPh’ efjzd/ ;B, Bkb jh ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j?.
fJ; gqeko fBPeoP ftu fejk ik ;edk j? t?fde Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK dh ;fEsh BhthA BjhA ;h. ;wkfie
ns/ Xkofwe y/soK ftu T[BQK Bz{ pj[s fInkdk nfXeko gqkgs ;B gozs{ nkofEe ns/ okiBhfse y/soK ftu
T[BQK d/ nfXeko ;hws ;B. T[BQK Bz{ g[oPK d/ nXhB BjhA wzfBnK iKdk ;h pbfe g[oPK d/ ;wkB ;wfMnk
iKdk ;h.
9H1H3 g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H3 g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H3 g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H3 g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H3 g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK dh ;fEsh ftu ewh nkJh. (fjzd{ ;wki ftu Xkofwe rzqEK dk fJfsjk;e eqw
fJ; gqeko Bkb j? L t/d, pqkjwD, T[gfBPd, rqfj^;{so, Xow Pk;so, f;fwqshnK, okwkfJD, wjKGkos
ns/ g[okD). ;wkfie y/so ftu g{ot :"B fte;s (Pre-Puberty) ftnkj dk gqubD nkozG j'fJnk, ftXtk
ftnkj dk fBP/X j'D brk, gsh Bz{ fJ;sqh d/ bJh GrtkB dk doik fdZsk ikD brk, fJ;sqhnK d/ bJh
f;fynk dk g{oD fBP/X nkozG j'fJnk, ;sh gqEk gqubD ftu nkJh, godk gqEk nkozG j'Jh, ns/ pj[ gsBh
gqEk fttjko ftu ;theko ehsh ikD brh. “fJe gsBh ns/ r[bkw ;zgsh d/ nfXekoh BjhA j[zd/, wkBsk
d/ nkXko T[Zs/ fJ;sqh Bz{ T[;d/ gsh dh ;zgsh ftu fjZ;/ s'A tzfus eo fdZsk frnk. Xkofwe y/so ftu
fJ;sqh Bz{ pbdkB G/AN eoB s'A, gqkoEBk s'A, jm :'r s'A ns/ shoE :ksok eoB s'A th tzfus eo fdZsk
frnk.”
gqGksh w[yoih B/ g"okfDe ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK dh BhthA ;fEsh d/ ekoD Bz{ dZ;d/ j'J/ nbN/eo, ftzNofBi,
fwZso ns/ u"Xoh B/ T[dfXqs ehsk j?. fJj ekoD jBL ;zg{oB T[Zs/ pqkjwDK d[nkok E'g/ rJ/ ;z:'wK d/ ekoD,
iksh ns/ gqEk d[nkok brkJ/ gqshpzXK d/ ekoD, ;z:[es gfotko d/ ekoD, fJ;sqhnK d/ bJh f;fynk dh
x~N ;j{bsK d/ ekoD, nkohnk gfotko ftu r?o^nkohnk gsBh dk gqt/P, ns/ ftd/Ph jwfbnK d/ ekoD.
9H1H4 p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H4 p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H4 p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H4 p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H4 p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
p"X Xow dk T[d/ fjzd{tkd T[Zs/ gqfsfeqnk d/ cb;o{g j'fJnk. pqkjwD ns/ g[okDK d/ ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
T[Zs/ nB/e nfBnKg{oB ns/ rbs ;wkfie fBP//X E'g fdZs/ rJ/, fit/A g{ot :"B ftef;s ftnkj, f;fynk
d/ nfXeko s'A tzfus eoBk, ihtB ;kEh u[DB dk nfXeko Bk d/Dk, Xkofwe ftuko tNKdo/ ftu fjZ;k b?D
dh nkfrnk bk j'Dk nkfd. p"X ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK dh ;fEsh ftu e[M ;[Xko j'fJnk. Xkofwe y/so ftu
fJ;sqhnK Bz{ ;gPN o{g Bkb T[sfeqPN ;EkB gqkgs j'fJnk. T[BQK dk nkgDk ;zx pfDnk fi; Bz{ fGyP{Dh
;zx fejk frnk. fJ; ;zx d/ th T[jh fB:w fBod/P ;B i' ‘fGyP{nK’ d/ ;B. ;zx B/ fJ;sqhnK Bz{

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