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;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
3 ;ko nzP (
3 ;ko nzP (
3 ;ko nzP (
BØN 8 8 8 8 8.3 ;ko nzP (3 ;ko nzP (Summary)
• iiwkBh^ftt;Ek gozgokrs fe~fsnK d/ coIK (Occupational obligations) dh ftt;Ek j?.
gqkuhB Gkos ftu ikshnK fJe d{i/ T[Zs/ nkofEe o{g Bkb fBoGo j[zdhnK ;B. fJe g/Av{ ftnesh
gozgokrs ftfPPN fe~sk T[; dh iksh Bz{ ;"Agh rJh ftP/PZrsk d/ nkXko T[Zs/ ngDkT[Adk ;h.
• ‘iiwkB’ Ppd dk gq:'r w{b o{g s'A T[; n;kwh (Client) d/ bJh ehsk iKdk ;h fi; d/ bJh pqkjwD
g[ikoh Xkofwe g{ik s/ eoweKv (Rituals) eod/ ;B, gozs{ pknd ftu fJj ftfPPN ;/tktK Bz{ gqkgs
eoB tkb/ ftnesh ns/ ;zofyne d/ bJh gq:'r ehsk ikD brk.
• iiwkBh ;zpzXK ftu Xkofwe feqsK, ;wkfie ;woEB ns/ nkofEe nkdkB^gqdkB ;ko/ dk ;wkt/P j?. ;/
te ikshnK iiwkB d/ xo iBw, ftnkj, ns/ fwqs{ d/ nt;oK T[Zs/ Xkofwe ;z;ekfoe ;wko'jK ftu
coIK dk gkbB eod/ jB.
• iiwkBh ;zpzX ikshnK dh ng/ePk gfotkoK ftu j[zd/ jB. fJ; gqeko okig{s iksh dk gfotko fgzv ftu
b[jko iksh d/ fJe ftP/P gfotko d/ Xks{ d/ n"Iko gqkgs eodk j?, Bk fe fgzv d/ ;ko/ b[jko ikshnK s'A.
fJ;h ftfPPN b[jko gfotko Bz{ jh c;b T[Zs/ okig{s gfotko dh c;bK ftu'A fJe fjZ;k fwb/rk Bk fe
d{i/ b[jko gfotkoK Bz{. b[jko ns/ okig{s d' gfotkoK d/ ftZu fJj iiwkBh ;zpzX ;EkJh jB feT[Afe
b[jko gfotko T[;/ okig{s gfotko dh ;/tk eodk ofjzdk j? fi; dh ;/tk T[; d/ fgsk ns/ dkdk eod/
;B.
• iiwkBh ftt;Ek s/ ezwK dk ftPb/PD eod/ j'J/ bhu B/ fejk j? fe iiwkBh ftt;Ek Pqw ftGkiB ns/
ikshnK d/ nkofEe go;go fBoGosk Bz{ fB:fws eodh j? ns/ pDk e/ oydh j?. tkJhIo d/ nB[;ko
iiwkBh ftt;Ek Gkosh fgzv Bz{ fJe nksw fBoGo ;w[dkJ/ d/ o{g ftu pDk e/ oZyD ftu ;jkfJe j[zdh
j?.
• iiwkB Bz{ P'Pe ns/ ewhB Bz{ P'fPs wzBd/ jB ns/ fJ; ftt;Ek (iiwkBh) Bz{ ;kwzsh (Feudal) efjzd/
jB. T[BQK dk ftPtk; j? fe iiwkBh ftt;Ek T[Zu iksh d/ iwhB wkbe fjzd{nK d/ d[nkok dpkn,
fB:zsoD, t?XeoD, ns/ vokT[D XwekT[D d/ gqw[Zy ;kXBK ftu'A fJe j?.
• iiwkB j'D dk noE ;h o{VQhtkdh fjzd{ j'Dk fi; dh w[~b ftt;Ek e[M ftfPPN ;/tkdkoK (nEtk ;/tk
eosk ikshnK) Bz{ fB:[es eoBk io{oh wzBdh ;h. fiwhAdko j'D dk noE ;h Pk;e tor dk w?Apo j'Dk
(j?okbv r{bv). iiwkB ewhB dk P'Pe BjhA ;h, Gkt/A fiwhAdko P'Pe j' ;edk ;h.
• iiwkBh ftt;Ek j'o ftt;EktK Bkb ;zpzfXs j?, fit/A iksh ftt;Ek, Xow ftt;Ek, iwhB d/ wkbekBk
jZe dh ftt;Ek, Bks/dkoh ftt;Ek ns/ fgzv dh okiBhfse ;zouBk. ;' fJBQK ;kfonK ftt;EktK ftu
gfotosB Bkb toswkB ftu iiwkBh ftt;Ek dh ekoi gqDkbh th gqGkts j'Jh j?.
8H4 Ppde'P
8H4 Ppde'P
8H4 Ppde'P (Keywords)
8H4 Ppde'P
8H4 Ppde'P
nB[frnJ/A^
nB[frnJ/A^
nB[frnJ/A^nB[Pk;soh, dzv^ftXkB
nB[frnJ/A^
• nB[frnJ/A^
ewhB^
• ewhB^
ewhB^
ewhB^
ewhB^ iiwkBh ftt;Ek ftu ;/tk^Gkt Bkb ezw eoB tkbhnK ikshnK
8H5 nfGnk; gqPB (Review Questions)
8H5 nfGnk; gqPB
8H5 nfGnk; gqPB
8H5 nfGnk; gqPB
8H5 nfGnk; gqPB
1H iiwkBh ftt;Ek dh ntXkoDk Bz{ ;gPN eo'. ns/ fJ; d/ ekoi ns/ G{fwektK d~;'.
2H iiwkBh ;zpzX fe; Bz{ efjzd/ jB< gqekP gkU.
3H eh iiwkBh ftt;Ek fJ~e P'PD ftt;Ek j?< ;whfynk eo'.
4H fBwBfbfys T[Zs/ fN~gDh fby'^
(i) gqshwkB ns/ w[~b (ii) iiwkBh gqEk ft~u gfotosB
136 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
