Page 145 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
fJekJh^9L fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh
w~XekbhB, fpqfNP ns/ ;[szso Gkos ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK dh gfo;fEsh, wfjbk ;zrmBK dh G{fwek, ftXkB, BØN
;wkfie nzd'bB ns/ fJ;sqh^g[oP ;zpzXK dk ftPb/PD fJ; nfXnkJ/ ftu ehsk j?.

9H1 fbzr^G/d
9H1 fbzr^G/d (Gender Discrimination)
9H1 fbzr^G/d
9H1 fbzr^G/d
9H1 fbzr^G/d
;kbK s'A e[M ;wki Pk;soh ns/ r?o^;wki Pk;soh ;kv/ ;wki ftu fJ;sqhnK dh ;wf;nktK d/ w[bKeD
ns/ T[BQK dh gfo;fEsh ftu nk oj/ gfotosB d/ nfXn?B ftu :sBPhb oj/ jB. e[M b/yeK B/ id
fJ;sqhnK d/ T[sokfXeko, ;kotifBe ezwK ftu T[BQK dh Gkrhdkoh ns/ ftnkj ftu T[BQK d/ ekBzz{Bh nfXekoK
d/ ;zdoG ftu fbfynk j?, e[M j'o (b/yeK) B/ g[oPK d[nkok T[BQK d/ Bkb G/dGkt g{oB ftt;Ek dk ftdwkB
ohsh^fotkiK d/ ;zdoG ftu ftt/uB ehs/ jB. t?XkfBe fdqPNh s'A fJ;sqhnK dh ;fEsh Bz{ T[Zuk T[mkT[D
d/ bJh ukj/ fezB/ th edw u[~e/ rJ/ j'D, ftjkoe fdqPNh s'A T[BQK d/ Bkb G/dGkt g{oB otJhnk, ns/ T[BQK
dk fso;eko, ngwkB s/ gqskVBk ni/ th ikoh jB. j[D th T[BQK dk ftuko ikDB d/ bJh rzGhosk BjhA
do;kJh iKdh, T[BQK B{z g[oPK d/ ;wkB BjhA ;wfMnk iKdk, ns/ T[BQK Bz{ T[fus ;BwkB BjhA fdZsk iKdk.
nfij/ T[dkjoD jB fiE/ efBPm gd^nfXekoh fJ;sqhnK tfoPm gd^nfXekohnK d[nkok go/PkB ehsh
iKdhnK jB ns/ tfoPm ezw^ekih wfjbk fbfgeK, NkJhfg;NK nkfd d/ Bkb d[o^fttjko ehsk iKdk j?.
nfij/ gqeoD th nkw o{g ftu fwbd/ jB fiBQK ftu g[oP nkgD/ nXhB ezw eoB tkbhnK wfjbktK d/ Bkb
N?bhc'B n?e;u/AiK ftu, ;futkfbnK ftu, ;wkuko g~so d|soK ftu, gzi skok j'NbK ftu, d{odoPB e/
AdoK ftu, ftPtftfdnkb/ ns/ ftfdnkbK ftu, seBheh ;z;EkBK nkfd ftu ;z;{ue gq;skt (Suggestive
overtures) oyd/ jB s/ ekw[e o{g Bkb j?okB eod jB.
fJ;sqh g[oPK d/ ;zpzXK ftu, ;pb ftneshst tkbk ftnesh jh gqGktPkbh ;fEsh gqkgs eodk j?. nkw
o{g ftu, g[oP fJ;sqh T[Zs/ nkXkfos nkfrnk d/D dk nfXeko ;wMdk j?. Gkt/A e[M wkwfbnK ftu fJ;sqh
th g[oP d/ T[go fB:zsqD oZyD dh ;fEsh ftu ofjzdh j?. Gkosh ;z;feqsh ftu nkozG s'A jh ;w{j d/ o{g
ftu fJ;sqhnK T[Zs/ g[oPK B/ gqG[st iwkfJnk j? ns/ ;wki s/ gfotko ftu T[BQK ;fEsh BhthA o~yh j?.
1930 ns/ 1940 d/ dPeK ftu ;wkfie okiBhfse B/sktK dh ;wkBsk d/ bJh gqshpZXsk B/ Gkosh wfjbktK
d/ T[dko ;wsktkdh edoK^ehwsK d/ bJh ehs/ ik oj/ nzd'bB Bz{ gqGkts ehsk. fJ;sqhnK dh dPk ftu fJ;
gfotosB d/ nfXn?B d/ bJh n;hA gqkuhB ekb s'A jh nkozG eoKr/.

9H1H1 gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H1 gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H1 gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H1 gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK
9H1H1 gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK
gqkuhB Gkos ftu fJ;sqhnK dh ;fEsh Bkb ;zpzfXs d' ftuko ;zgodkJ/ fwbd/ jB. fJe ;zgodkJ/ efjDk
j? fe fJ;sqhnK ‘g[oPK d/ pokpo’ ;B, idfe d{i/ ;zgodkJ/ dh wkBsk j? fe fJ;sqhnK dk Bk e/tb ngwkB
jh j[zdk ;h pbfe T[BQK d/ gqsh fxoDk th ehsh iKdh ;h. d'tK ;zgodkJ/ B/ nkgD/ fdqPNhe'D dh g[PNh ftu
Xkofwe ;kfjZs s'A T[dkjoD fdZs/ jB. nkg;szp B/ fBofdPN ehsk ;h. “id fJ;sqh o;s/ ftu ik ojh
j't/ sK ;G T[; Bz{ o;sk d/D”. n;hA fiBQK dk ;BwkB eod/ jK T[BQK d/ Bkb fJjh fttjko eod/ jK, ;'
fJj do;kT[Adk j? fe fJ;sqhnK Bz{ T[Zu ;EkB gqkgs ;h. wB{z B/ fejk ;hL “fi~E/ fJ;sqhnK dh d[odPk j[zdh
j? T[E/ ;zg{oB gfotko ftBkP Bz{ gqkgs j[zdk j?, fezs{ fi~E/ T[j ;[yh jB T[E/ gfotko ;dk bJh so~eh gqkgs
eodk j?.” :krtbe B/ th fejk ;hL “fJ;sqhnK Xosh T[Zs/ ;ko/ d?th r[DK dk gqshe jBl ;'w B/ nkgDh
;koh gftZsosk T[BQK Bz{ gqdkB ehsh j?, rKXot B/ whmh pkDh, ns/ nrBh B/ T[BQK Bz{ nfsnzs nkeoPe
pDkT[D d/ bJh nkgDh ;koh uwe T[BQK T[Zs/ fBSkto eo fdZsh j?.” fJ;sqhnK d/ ftP/ ftu fJzB/ T[Zu/
nkdoP okwkfJD ns/ wjKGkos ftu th ;EkB^;EkB T[Zs/ d[jokJ/ rJ/ jB. wjKGkos ekb ftu fJ;sqhnK
Bk e/tb rqfj;s ihtB dk e/Ado ;B pbfe ;koh ;wkfie ;zrmB dh nkXko^fpzd{ ;B. nfijh nkPk ehsh
iKdh ;h fe g[oP nkgDh gsBh dh fJZSk d/ nZr/ BhtK j'J/rk ns/ T[;dh ;/tk s/ g{ik eo/rk.
fJj fuZso dk fJe gZy j?. fJ;dk d{ik gZy th j?. fJ;sqhnK Bz{ ewI'o wB tkbh wzB e/ T[BQK Bz{ ftPtk;
d/ :'r BjhA ;wfMnk iKdk ;h. T[BQK Bz{ g[oPK dh ;ohoe fJ~SktK dh g{osh dk ;kXB wkso ;wfMnk iKdk
;h ns/ T[BQK d/ bJh ;zskB gqkgsh dk ;kXB th. wjKGkos ftu fJe ;EkB s/ fejk frnk j?L “fJ;sqhnK
s'A fInkdk gkg dh j'o e'Jh t;s{ BjhA j?l” “fJ;sqh ;koh p[okJhnK dh iV j?.” e'Jh th j'o ihtXkoh

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