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O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
uksV [kjkc fd, fcuk csgrj gks tk,A ,d O;fDrxr mRiknd mRiknu esa n{krk rc izkIr djrk gS tc fdlh ,d
oLrq osQ mRiknu esa lalkèkuksa osQ fdlh Hkh iqufoZrj.k ls og fdlh vU; oLrq osQ mRiknu dks de fd, fcuk
bl oLrq osQ mRiknu dks c<+kus esa leFkZ gksrk gSA ifjiw.kZ n{krk (overall efficiency) tks lkekftd dY;k.k
;k ijsVks b"Vrerk (pareto optimality) Hkh dgykrh gS] lekt dh vkfFkZd n{krk osQ ifjiw.kZ lqèkkj ls
lacafèkr gksrh gS] ftlls lkekftd dY;k.k c<+rk gS tc lalkèkuksa osQ iqufoZrj.k ls fdlh Hkh O;fDr dh fLFkfr
[kjkc fd, fcuk lkjk lekt csgrj voLFkk esa gks tkrk gSA n{krk osQ bl Lrj ij lalkèkuksa dk dksbZ Hkh
iqufoZrj.k gksus ij osQoy ifjiw.kZ vkfFkZd vn{krk (ineffeciency) gh ugha gksxh cfYd O;fDrxr
miHkksDrkvksa vkSj mRikndrkvksaa dh vn{krk,¡ Hkh mRiUu gksaxhA bl izdkj O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k dY;k.kdkjh fl¼kar
dk O;fDrxr vkSj lkewfgd n`f"Vdkss.k ls vè;;u djrk gSA
fp=k 1-1
Expenditure of Firms Factor Incomes of
Productive Market Resources Resources
Resources
Productive
Firms Consumers
Goods Services
and
Goods
Product and Expenditure
Services
Market
Consumption
Revenue
of
Firms
ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs gSa fd O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k esa dher fl¼kar] O;fDrxr ifjokj] iQeZ vkSj m|ksx dk
fl¼kar] mRiknu fl¼kar vkSj dY;k.k fl¼kar dk vè;;u 'kkfey gSA
O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k dk egÙo (Importance of Microeconomics)
O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k vkfFkZd fo'ys"k.k dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ fofèk gS ftls osQUt us euq"; osQ fopkj osQ midj.k
dk vko';d Hkkx (a necessary part of one’s apparatus of thought) ekuk gSA blosQ lS¼kafrd
rFkk O;kogkfjd nksuksa gh egÙo gSaA
1- vFkZO;oLFkk osQ dk;Zdj.k dks le>uk (To understand the working of the economy)μO;f"V
vFkZ'kkL=k ,d eqDr cktkj vFkZO;oLFkk osQ dk;Zdj.k osQ le>us osQ fy, cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA ,slh
vFkZO;oLFkk esa vkfFkZd iz.kkyh dk fu;kstu vkSj leUo; djus osQ fy, dksbZ Hkh laLFkk ugha gksrh gSA
,sls fu.kZ; fd mRiknu oSQls fd;k tk,] D;k mRikfnr fd;k tk;s] fdlosQ fy, mRiknu fd;k tk;s]
oSQls forj.k fd;k tk;s vkSj D;k miHkksx fd;k tk;s] lHkh fcuk fdlh cká 'kfDr osQ mRikndksa ,oa
miHkksDrkvksa }kjk fy, tkrs gSaA blls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd ,d osaQnzh; vk;ksftr vFkZO;oLFkk esa
4 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
