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O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
uksV vkxe rFkk lhekar vkxe osQ lacaèk dks ek¡x dh yksp osQ vkèkkj ij Hkh Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g è;ku
j[kuk pkfg, fd ,d iQeZ dh vkSlr vkxe oØ gh ek¡x oØ gksrh gSA blosQ }kjk iQeZ dks ;g Kkr gksrk
gS fd oLrq dh dher esa fdl fn'kk esa ifjorZu gksxkA vkSlr vkxe (AR) dk ek¡x dh yksp osQ vkèkkj
ij lhekar vkxe (MR) ls lacaèk fp=k 11-11 }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA
fp=k 11-11 esa AR vkSlr vkxe oØ gS rFkk MR lhekar vkxe oØ gSA bl fp=k ls izdV gksrk gS fd fcanq
M osQ ck;ha vksj vkSlr vkxe oØ dh ek¡x yksp bdkbZ ls vfèkd (E >1) gSA blfy, lhekar vkxe]
èkukRed (Positive) gksxhA bldk vfHkizk; ;g gqvk fd ;fn iQeZ oLrq dh dher de djsxh rks oqQy vk;
esa o`f¼ gksxhA vr,o tc lhekar vkxe èkukRed gksrk gS vFkkZr~ vkSlr vkxe dh ek¡x yksp bdkbZ ls vfèkd
gksrh gS rks iQeZ dks oLrq dh dher de fuèkkZfjr djuh pkfg,A fcanq M ij vkSlr vkxe oØ dh ek¡x yksp
bdkbZ osQ cjkcj (E = 1) gSA bl fLFkfr esa lhekar vkxe 'kwU; (Zero) gksxkA vr,o bl voLFkk esa ;fn
,d iQeZ dher esa ifjorZu djsxh rks oqQy vkxe esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gksxkA bl voLFkk esa iQeZ dh dher
esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk ifjorZu djus ls ykHk ugha gksxkA M fcanq osQ nk;ha vksj vkSlr vkxe dh ek¡x yksp
bdkbZ ls de (E < 1) gSA bl fLFkfr esa lhekar vkxe ½.kkRed (Negative) gksxkA vr,o iQeZ dks rHkh
ykHk gksxk tc og oLrq dh dher vfèkd fuèkkZfjr djsxhA vU; 'kCnksa esa] ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd
(1) lhekar vkxe (MR) èkukRed] ½.kkRed rFkk 'kwU; gks ldrh gS ijarq vkSlr vkxe lnSo èkukRed
(Positive) gksrk gSA (2) tc lhekar vkxe èkukRed gksrk gS rks vkSlr vkxe] lhekar vkxe ls vfèkd
gksrk gS ijarq tc lhekar vkxe ½.kkRed gks tkrk gS rks vkSlr vkxe de gksus yxrk gSA
fp=k 11-11
Y
E > 1
Revenue M E = 1
E < 1
+ve
O Zero X
O –ve AR
MR
Output
vkSlr vkxe] lhekar vkxe rFkk ek¡x dh yksp osQ lacaèk dh O;k[;k fuEufyf[kr <ax ls dh tk ldrh gSµ
(i) tc ek¡x dh yksp vuar (Infinity) gksrh gS (iM+h ek¡x js[kk) rFkk lhekar vkxe] vkSlr
vkxe osQ cjkcj gksrk gSA (When the elasticity of demand is infinity (a horizontal
demand curve) marginal revenue equals average revenue)
ge tkurs gSaµ
e − 1 1
MR = AR d = AR 1 −
e d e d
ek¡x dh yksp dk ewY; (tks vuar ∞ gSa) dks lehdj.k esa yxkus ls
1
MR = AR = 1 − AR (1 – 0) AR or Price
∞
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