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O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar
uksV ykxr osQ cjkcj gksxhA oLrq ekfoZQV osQ larqyu dks fp=k 2-5 esa n'kkZ;k x;k gSA ekfoZQV E fcanq ij larqyu
esa gS] tgk¡ ekfoZQV ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ oØ D vkSj S ,d nwljs dks dkVrs gSaA ;gk¡ OP dher fuèkkZfjr gksrh gS
ftl ij OQ oLrq dh ek=kk ekfoZQV esa [kjhnh vkSj csph tkrh gSA leku ykxrsaa gksus ij] ekfoZQV esa izR;sd
M
iQeZ nh gqbZ dher OP ij oLrq dks mRikfnr djrh gS vkSj csprh gSA tc fp=k osQ isuy (B) esa fcanq E
1
ij MC = MR vkSj AC = AR gksrs gSa vkSj iQeZ oLrq dh OQ ek=kk mRikfnr djrh vkSj csprh gS rks
larqyu esa gksrh gSA eku yhft, ;fn ekfoZQV esa 100 iQes± gSa_ vkSj izR;sd oLrq dh 60 bdkb;k¡ mRikfnr djrh
gS] rks oqQy mRiknu 6000 (= 100 × 60) bdkb;k¡ gksxkA bl fo'ys"k.k dks blh izdkj vFkZO;oLFkk esa vU;
oLrqvksa ij ykxw fd;k tk ldrk gSA
fp=k 2-5
(A) (B)
S E MC
AC
Price P E Revenue and Cost P 1 AR = MR
D
O
Q O Q
M
Quantity Quantity
oLrqvksa dh ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ dh lekurk dh rjg] lkèku&lsokvksa dh ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ dh lekurk dk Hkh lkekU;
larqyu O;oLFkk osQ fy, gksuk vko';d gSA mRiknd lsokvksa osQ fy, ek¡x mRikndksa ls vkrh gS vkSj iwfrZ
miHkksDrkvksa lsA mRikndksa dk ykHk&vfèkdre djus dk mís'; rFkk izkS|ksfxdh nh gksus ij] ,d oLrq dk
mRiknu djus osQ fy, ,d lkèku dh mi;ksx dh xbZ ek=kk mldh vkSj vU; lkèkuksa dh dherksa osQ lacaèkksa
ij vkSj oLrqvksa dh dherksa ij fuHkZj djrh gSA izR;sd mRiknd] lkèkuksa dh pkyw dherksa osQ lkis{k esa vius
ykHk vfèkdre djus osQ fy,] ,slh ek=kkvksa vkSj vuqikrksa esa fofHkUu lkèkuksa dks yxkrk gS fd mudh vkxe
mRikndrk,¡ mudh dherksa osQ cjkcj gksaA D;kasfd vFkZO;oLFkk esa iw.kZ jkstxkj gksrk gS] lkèkuksa osQ fy, ekfoZQV
ml le; larqyu gksrh gS_ tc dke osQ fy, is'k dh xbZ lkèkuksa dh oqQy ek=kk,¡ dke esa yxkbZ xbZ oqQy
lkèku&ek=kkvksa osQ cjkcj gksaA lkèku ekfoZQV osQ larqyu dks fp=k 2-6 (A) esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS] tgk¡ ,d lkèku
dh dher OP vkSj mldh ek=kk ON ekfoZQV esa E fcanq ij fuèkkZfjr gksrh gSa tc mlosQ ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ oØ
fp=k 2-6
(A) (B)
S
Price P E P E 1 AFC = MFC
D Revenue and Cost MRP ARP
O N O M
Quantity Quantity
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