Page 307 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 13 % ,dkf/dkjh iQeZ dk fl¼kar

lhek rd [kfut ty dk mRiknu ,oa fcØh djsxk tgk¡ lhekar vk; (MR) 'kwU; gks tk,xh (MR = MC uksV
= 0)A bldh O;k[;k fp=k 13-8 esa dh xbZ gSA

fp=k 13-8
Y
A
Revenue/Cost P N

MC = MR AR
0 X
Q MR
Output

bl fp=k esa ,dkfèkdkjh dh ek¡x oØ AR gS vkSj lhekar vk; oØ MR gSA pwafd oqQy ykxr (Total Cost)
'kwU; gS] blfy, vkSlr ykxr (AC) rFkk lhekar ykxr (MC) Hkh 'kwU; gksxhA larqyu ¯cnq Q gS ftl ij
lhekar ykxr (tks OX&v{k ij 'kwU; gS) lhekar vk; osQ cjkcj gSA ,dkfèkdkjh iQeZ [kfut ty dh OQ
bdkbZ NQ izfr bdkbZ dher ij cspsxhA iQeZ dks NQ izfr bdkbZ osQ cjkcj ykHk izkIr gksxk vkSj mlosQ oqQy
ykHk dk {ks=k OPNQ gksxkA

13-15 D;k ,dkfèkdkjh dher lnSo iw.kZ izfr;ksxh dher ls vfèkd gksrh gS\
(Is Monopoly Price always Higher than the Perfectly
Competitive Price?)

lkèkkj.kr;k izfr;ksfxrk dh vis{kk ,dkfèkdkjh dh voLFkk esa oLrq dh dher Å¡ph gksrh gSA mldk dkj.k
;g gS fd ,dkfèkdkjh viuh oLrq dh dher Lo;a fuèkkZj.k djus dh 'kfDr j[krk gS] tcfd izfr;ksfxrk esa
dher dk fuèkkZj.k oqQy ek¡x vkSj oqQy iw£r dh 'kfDr;ksa }kjk gksrk gSA ijarq bldk ;g vFkZ ugha gS fd
,dkfèkdkjh dher lnk rFkk vo'; gh Å¡ph gksxhA dbZ ,d ckrsa ,slh gSa tks ,dkfèkdkjh dher dks Å¡pk
ugha gksus nsrhA dbZ n'kkvksa esa rks ,dkfèkdkjh dhersa iw.kZ izfr;ksxh iQeZ }kjk fuèkkZfjr dherksa ls Hkh uhph gksrh
gSa] mnkjg.k osQ fy,

(1) ,dkfèkdkjh cM+s iSekus ij mRiknu dj ldrk gSA blfy, cM+s iSekus dh cprsa rFkk ykHk mldks izkIr
gks ldrs gSaA blosQ foijhr NksVh&NksVh izfr;ksxh iQes± iSekus osQ foLrkj dh cprsa izkIr ugha dj ldrhaA

(2) ,dkfèkdkjh viuk mRiknu ;ksX;rk rFkk lkgl osQ lkFk dj ldrk gS vkSj mls i;kZIr ek=kk esa iwath
C;kt dh de nj ij izkIr gks ldrh gSA ,dkfèkdkjh dks vius fuos'k (Investment) esa tksf[ke Hkh
de mBkuk iM+rk gSA
(3) dHkh&dHkh ,dkfèkdkjh tufgr dks lkeus j[kdj Hkh dher dks de dj nsrs gSaA ,dkfèkdkjh dks
lekt esa lEeku ikus dh vkdka{kk gksrh gSA vr% og ,sls dke ls nwj jgrk gS tks fd uSfrd :i ls
xyr gksrk gSA
(4) ,dkfèkdkjh dks bl ckr dk Hkh Hk; jgrk gS fd mldk dHkh u dHkh dksbZ izfr}a}h u mRiUu gks tk,A
;g Hk; Hkh mls Å¡ph dher ysus ls jksdrk gSA
la{ksi esa] lkèkkj.kr;k ,dkfèkdkjh dher] iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk dh dher ls vfèkd gksrh gS] ijarq dbZ
ifjfLFkfr;ksaa esa ;g de Hkh gks ldrh gSA

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