Page 303 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 13 % ,dkf/dkjh iQeZ dk fl¼kar

13-11 Hksnewyd ,dkfèkdkj esa dher&mRiknu dk fuèkkZj.k uksV
(Price and Output Determination under Discriminating
Monopoly)

,dkfèkdkjh }kjk dher foHksn dh uhfr viukus dk mís'; oqQy vk; rFkk ykHk esa o`f¼ djuk gSA dher
foHksn dh fLFkfr esa dher fuèkkZj.k osQ fo'ys"k.k dks ge nks ;k nks ls vfèkd cktkj dh n'kkvksa }kjk O;Dr
dj ldrs gSaA ge ;gk¡ dher foHksn dh ,d ,slh fLFkfr dk vè;;u djsaxs ftlesa ,dkfèkdkjh oLrq dks nks
fofHkUu dherksa ij cspdj miHkksDrkvksa dh cpr (Consumer's Surplus) dk oqQN Hkkx Lo;a izkIr dj
ysrk gSA ihxw (Pigou) us bls rhljh Js.kh dh dher foHksn (Price Descrimination of Third
Degree) dgk gSA izR;sd Hksn ewyd ,dkfèkdkjh vius ykHkksa dks vfèkdre djus osQ fy, mRiknu ogk¡ rd
gh djsxk tgk¡ ij fd mldh lhekar vk; (MR) lhekar ykxr (MC) osQ cjkcj gks tkrh gSA ,dkfèkdkjh
vfèkdre ykHk izkIr djus osQ fy, lhekar vk; vkSj lhekar ykxr dh lekurk okyh 'krZ dks izR;sd cktkj
esa viuk,xkA ,dkfèkdkjh rc rd mRiknu djrk jgsxk tc rd lhekar vk; lhekar ykxr ls vfèkd (MR
> MC) gSA gekjh ekU;rk ;g gS fd ,dkfèkdkjh vius mRiknu dks nks fofHkUu cktkjksa ‘A’ rFkk ‘B’ esa cspsxk
ftuesa ek¡x dh yksp fofHkUu gSA Hksnewyd ,dkfèkdkjh dks r; djuk iM+rk gS fd mls (1) oqQy mRiknu
fdruk djuk gS rFkk (2) vyx&vyx cktkjksa esa fdruk mRiknu cspuk gS rFkk fdl dher ij cspuk gS]
ftlls fd mls vfèkdre ykHk izkIr gks losQA vfèkdre ykHk izkIr djus osQ fy, ,dkfèkdkjh dks nks fu.kZ;
ysus gksaxsA

1- mRiknu fdruk djuk gS\ (How Much to Produce?)
pwafd ge eku ysrs gSa fd ,dkfèkdkjh dk mRiknu le:i gS] blfy, og leLr mRiknu dh lhekar ykxr
dks è;ku esa j[krk gS pkgs mldh fcØh fdlh Hkh cktkj esa dh tk,A og ml ¯cnq rd mRiknu djsxk ftl
ij lhekar ykxr nksuksa cktkjksa dh la;qDr lhekar vk; (Combined Marginal Revenue-CMR) osQ
cjkcj gks tk,A la;qDr lhekar vk; oØ Kkr djus osQ fy, cktkj A rFkk cktkj B dh lhekar vk; oØksa
MR rFkk MR dks tksM+ fy;k tkrk gSA ,dkfèkdkjh oLrq dh mruh ek=kk dk mRiknu djsxk ftl ij lhekar
A B
ykxr rFkk la;qDr lhekar vk; cjkcj gks tk,A vFkkZr~
MC = MR + MR = MR
A B A+B

2- fofHkUu cktkjksa esa fdruh ek=kk fdl dher ij csph tk,\
(How Much to Sell in Different Markets and at What Price?)
,dkfèkdkjh vius ykHk dks vfèkdre djus osQ fy, leLr mRiknu dh lhekar ykxr (MC) dks cktkj A
dh lhekar vk; (MR ) rFkk cktkj ‘B’ osQ lhekar vk; (MR ) osQ cjkcj djsxkA fp=k 13-6 ls Kkr gksrk
A B
gS fd cktkj ‘A’ esa cktkj ek¡x de ykspnkj gS rFkk cktkj
,dkfèkdkjh cktkj esa oLrq dh vfèkd ek=kk
‘B’ esa cktkj ek¡x vfèkd ykspnkj gSA bldk vfHkizk; ;g
(de dher ij) ml le; cspsxk tc mldh
gS ,dkfèkdkjh cktkj ‘A’ esa oLrq dh de ek=kk vFkkZr~
ek¡x dh yksp vfèkd gksxh rFkk oLrq dh de
‘OA’ bdkb;ksa dh vfèkd dher OP ij fcØh djsxkA
1 ek=kk (vfèkd dher ij) ml le; cspsxk
blosQ foijhr og cktkj ‘B’ esa vfèkd ek=kk ‘OB’ bdkb;ksa tc mldh ek¡x dh yksp de gksxhA bldk
dh de dher OP ij fcØh djsxkA la;qDr mRiknu OQ dkj.k ;g gS fd ek¡x ftruh vfèkd ykspnkj
2
bdkb;ksa (tgk¡ la;qDr lhekar vk;] lhekar ykxr osQ cjkcj gksrh gS mruh gh dher osQ c<+us ij ozsQrkvksa
gS) dh lhekar vk; nksuksa cktkjksa esa leku gksuh pkfg, osQ de gksus dh laHkkouk gksrh gSA blfy,
D;ksafd mls oqQy mRiknu dh lhekar ykxr MC osQ cjkcj ,dkfèkdkjh de dher fuèkkZfjr djosQ oLrq
gksuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ dh vfèkd ek=kk cspuk ilan djrk gSA

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