Page 102 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV 5- futh fuos'k vkSj lkoZtfud fuos'k (Private Investment and Public Investment)

fuos'k dk ,d vU; egÙoiw.kZ oxhZdj.k] bl vkèkkj ij fd dkSu fuos'k djrk gS] futh fuos'k vkSj lkoZtfud
fuos'k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA vkt] rFkkdfFkr iw¡thxr vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa oqQy fuos'k dk ,d cM+k Hkkx ljdkj
}kjk fd;k tkrk gSA lkoZtfud {ks=k esa fuos'k eq[;r% jktuhfrd vkSj lkekftd fopkjksa ls izHkkfor gksrk gSA
ljdkj fo|ky;] egkfo|ky;] fpfdRlky;] lM+d] ck¡èk] fo|qr] xSl] ty] ;krk;kr] x`g] bR;kfn ifj;kstukvksa
esa tulkèkkj.k dks fu%'kqYd] fj;k;rh vFkok u ykHk u gkfu vkèkkj (break even) dh lsokvksa esa izk;% fuos'k
djrh gSA ;g fuos'k osaQnzh; ljdkj] jkT; ljdkjksa] LFkkuh; vfèkdkfj;ksa] lkoZtfud fuxeksa] vkfn tSls lkoZtfud
izkfèkdkfj;ksa }kjk iw¡thxr oLrqvksa dks [kjhnus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA muosQ fy,] ykHk is'k djus okyh lsok,¡
Hkh lekt osQ fgr ls izHkkfor gksrh gSaA
lkoZtfud fuos'k dh fLFkfr esa] ifj;kstukvksa dh vkxe dh mudh fuos'k ykxrksa ls rqyuk djuk laHko ugha gSA
fofHkUUk (okaNuh; ;k vHkh"V) ifj;kstukvksa esa ls lokZfèkd ykHkizn ifj;kstukvksa osQ pquus dk lkoZtfud fuos'k
fu.kZ; ykxr&ykHk fo'ys"k.k (cost-benefit analysis) ij vkèkkfjr gSA bl mís'; osQ fy,] gesa izLrkfor fuos'kksa
osQ lkekftd ykHkksa vkSj lkekftd ykxrksa dks fuèkkZfjr djuk iMs+xkA lkekftd ykHkksa ls rkRi;Z laiw.kZ lekt }kjk
izkIr oqQy larqf"V ls gS] tks fd m|eh }kjk v£tr vkxeksa (receipts) esa iwjh rjg ls izdV ugha gksrkA mnkgj.k
osQ fy, ljdkj }kjk iznku dh xbZ vkokl lqfoèkkvksa (housing facilities) ls fo'ofo|ky; osQ vè;kidksa }kjk
izkIr lkekftd ykHk] vkxe ls dgha vfèkd gksrs gSaA blh izdkj] lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ m|e osQ dkj.k ok;q] ty
vkSj èofu iznw"k.kksa ls lekt }kjk mBkbZ lkekftd ykxr dks] lkoZtfud fuos'k dh okLrfod ykxrksa dk ewY;kadu
djrs le; udkjk ugha tk ldrkA ;|fi lkoZtfud fuos'k lkoZtfud dY;k.k ls izsfjr gksrk gS] tcfd ;a=k]
la;a=k] dkj[kkus] dk;kZy;] xksnke] nqdku] vkfn iw¡thxr oLrqvksa osQ Ø; ij futh fuos'k ykHk ls izksRlkfgr gksrk
gSA futh m|eh rHkh fuos'k djrs gSa] tc os ,d ifj;kstuk ls larks"ktud izfriQy dh vk'kk djrs gSaA iw¡thxr
laifÙk ls visf{kr vk; vkSj bldk Ø; ewY; (purchase price) feydj iw¡th dh lhekar {kerk (MEC) fuèkkZfjr
djrs gSaA fuos'k djuk rc rd ykHkizn gS] tc rd iw¡th dh lhekar {kerk (MEC) cktkj dh C;kt nj ls vfèkd
gksrh gSA vc] ge ;g le>k,¡xs fd ;g oSQls gksrk gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
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1- fuos'k ls vk'k; lkewfgd mRiknu osQ ml Hkkx osQ ewY; ls gS] tks u, dk :i ys ldrk gSA
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2- u, fuos'k osQ y{k.k cgqr gksrs gSaA

10-2 iw¡th dh lhekar {kerk (Marginal Efficiency of Capital)

dhUl osQ vuqlkj] ,d ubZ ifj;kstuk esa fuos'k djuk iw¡th dh lhekar {kerk vkSj cktkj dh C;kt nj ij fuHkZj
djrk gSA vkSj fiQj] iw¡th dh lhekar {kerk iw¡thxr laifÙk osQ iw£r ewY; vkSj iw¡thxr laifÙk ls izR;kf'kr izkfIr
vFkok ykHk ls fuèkkZfjr gksrk gSA

iw¡th laifÙk dk iw£r ewY; (Supply Price of Capital Asset)
tc ,d m|eh ,d iw¡thxr laifÙk [kjhnuk pkgrk gS] rks mls mlosQ fy, dher vnk djuh gksxhA bl jkf'k dks
iw¡thxr oLrq dk Ø; ewY; dgk tkrk gSA dhUl us laifÙk izkfIr dh ykxr dks iw¡thxr laifÙk dk iw£r ewY; vFkok

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