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lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar Ashwani Panesar, Lovely Professional University
uksV
bdkbZµ29% Loku ekWMy
(Swan Model)
vuqozQef.kdk (Contents)
mís'; (Objectives)
izLrkouk (Introduction)
29.1 vkarfjd vkSj cká larqyu osQ fy, uhfr;ka% O;;&ifjorZu vkSj O;;&?kVkuk
(Policies for Internal and External Balance : Expenditure Switching and Expenditure-
Reducing)
29.2 lkjka'k (Summary)
29.3 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
29.4 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)
29.5 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)
mís'; (Objectives)
bl bdkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ ;ksX; gksaxs%
vkarfjd vkSj cká larqyu osQ fy, uhfr;k¡ tkuus gsrqA
O;;&ifjorZu vkSj O;;&?kVkuk tkuus gsrqA
izLrkouk (Introduction)
ekSfæd&jktdks"kh; uhfr;ksa osQ fuf'pr mís'; gksrs gSa tks uhfr midj.kksa osQ mi;ksx }kjk izkIr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
;s gSaµiw.kZ jkstxkj] vk£Fkd o`f¼] dher fLFkjrk vkSj Hkqxrku 'ks"k dk larqyuA ;s mís'; izk;% ijLij&fojksèkh gksrs
gSaA ekSfæd vkSj jktdks"kh; uhfr;k¡ bu fojksèkksa dh izÑfr ,oa blosQ lekèkku osQ mi;qDr lkèkuksa ;k muosQ chp
lg&lacaèk LFkkfir djus dk vè;;u djrh gSaA bu leL;kvksa dk fo'ys"k.k eq[;r% vkarfjd vkSj ckÞ; nks mís';ksa
osQ bnZ&fxnZ osaQfær gqvk gSA vkarfjd larqyu vk; vkSj iw.kZ jkstxkj ls lacafèkr gS vkSj ckÞ; larqyu dk lacaèk
Hkqxrku 'ks"k osQ larqyu ls gksrk gSA
vk£Fkd (ekSfæd ,oa jktdks"kh;) uhfr dk fl¼kar nks vyx&vyx leL;kvksa osQ bnZ&fxnZ osaQfær gks x;k gSA
izFke] uhfr mís';ksa dh la[;k vkSj uhfr midj.kksa dh la[;k osQ chp lacaèk_ vkSj f}rh;] y{;ksa dh izkfIr osQ
fy, uhfr midj.kksa dk vkoaVuA
tkWu&fVucxZu igyk vFkZ'kkL=kh Fkk ftlus ;g dgk fd uhfr&midj.kksa dh la[;k mís';ksa dh la[;k osQ cjkcj
gksuh pkfg,A ;fn uhfr&midj.kksa dh vis{kk mís';ksa dh la[;k vfèkd gS] rks bldk eryc gS fd uhfr mís';ksa
dh iw£r osQ fy, i;kZIr vkStkj ugha gSA nwljh vksj] ;fn mís';ksa dh la[;k dh vis{kk uhfr midj.kksa dh la[;k
290 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY