Page 300 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV gSA ijarq ;g uhfr Hkqxrku 'ks"k esa ?kkVs dks c<+krh gSA bls ¶nqfoèkk {ks=k¸ (dilemma zone) osQ :i esa o£.kr fd;k
x;k gS D;ksafd foLrkjd uhfr dh ctk; voewY;u vfèkekU; uhfr gksrk gSA
;fn vFkZO;oLFkk iw.kZ jkstxkj dks Hkqxrku larqyu esa ?kkVs osQ lkFk tksM+rh gS] tSlk fd FF oØ osQ D ¯cnq ij
gksrk gS] rks voewY;u gh bldk lekèkku gSA ;g fo'kky fu;r vkfèkD; iSnk djsxk vkSj vfrfjDr fons'kh ek¡x
?kjsyw vFkZO;oLFkk esa LiQhfr yk;sxhA bu izo`fÙk;ksa dks jksdus osQ fy,] FkksM+s ls voewY;u dks ?kjsyw O;; esa dVkSrh
osQ lkFk tksM+uk gksxkA

{ks=k IV esa H ¯cnq yhft, tgk¡ ?kjsyw LiQhfr Hkqxrku larqyu esa ?kkVs ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA LiQhfr dks ?kjsyw O;; esa dVkSrh
}kjk jksduk pkfg, tks Hkqxrku larqyu esa ?kkVs dks Hkh de djsxk vkSj vUrr% vFkZO;oLFkk dks larqyu fLFkfr E
dh vksj ys tk;sxkA
;fn vFkZO;oLFkk esa Hkqxrku 'ks"k larqyu vkSj LiQhfr gksrh gS tSlk fd B ¯cnq ij] rks bls viuh fofue; nj dks
c<+kuk vkSj ?kjsyw O;; dks ?kVkuk pkfg,A

{ks=k I esa G ¯cnq dks ysa tgk¡ Hkqxrku larqyu esa vkfèkD;
dks LiQhfr ls tksM+k gqvk gSA bl fLFkfr esa] Hkqxrku 'ks"k osQ
vkfèkD; dks Bhd djus osQ fy, fofue; nj dks c<+kuk Inflation-Surplus X
pkfg, vkSj LiQhfr dks jksdus osQ fy, O;; ?kVkuk pkfg,A F I
C
ijarq O;; esa dVkSrh vkfèkD; c<+k;sxkA ;g iqu% ^nqfoèkk G B
Ratio F H Inflation-Deficit
{ks=k* dks O;Dr djrk gSA E
;fn ns'k FF oØ osQ C ¯cnq ij iw.kZ jkstxkj vkSj Hkqxrku Cost U nemploym ent K IV
Surplus II
larqyu esa vkfèkD; dh fLFkfr esa gksrk gS rks bls viuh A D
fofue; nj dks c<+kuk pkfg,A ijarq fofue; nj esa o`f¼ X U nemploym ent F
D eficit III
csjkstxkjh mRiUu djsxhA blls cpus osQ fy, ?kjsyw O;;
O
c<+kuk pkfg,A R eal D om estic Expenditure
fp=k 29-2
var esa] {ks=k II esa F ¯cnq ij pysa tgk¡ Hkqxrku larqyu esa
vkfèkD; csjsktxkjh ls tqM+k gqvk gSA ;gk¡ ?kjsyw O;; esa
o`f¼ vkarfjd vkSj cká nksuksa larqyuksa osQ fy, mfpr
gksxhA ,slh uhfr jkstxkj c<+k;sxh vkSj vkfèkD; osQ vkdkj dks ?kVkus osQ fy, vk;kr esa o`f¼ dks Hkh izsfjr djsxhA
mi;qZDr fo'ys"k.k ;g izdV djrk gS fd ;fn vFkZO;oLFkk u rks FF (vkarfjd larqyu) oØ vkSj u gh XX
(cká larqyu) oØ ij gksrh gS rks ;g pkj {ks=kksa esa ls fdlh ,d esa gksrh gSA

tc vFkZO;oLFkk ,d y{; (dgsa] vkarfjd larqyu) dks izkIr djus osQ fy, osQoy ,d uhfr ;k nksuksa
O;;&ifjoÙkZu djus okyh vkSj ?kjsyw O;;&?kVkus okyh uhfr;ksa dk lkFk&lkFk ikyu djrh gS rks ;g nwljs y{;
(dgsa] cká larqyu) ls gV tkrh gSA ;g leL;k osQoy ¶nqfoèkk {ks=kksa¸ I vkSj III esa gh ugha cfYd ^ljy {ks=kksa*
II vkSj IV esa Hkh [kM+h gksrh gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn ge {ks=k II esa F ¯cnq dks ysrs gSa tgk¡ Hkqxrku larqyu esa
vkfèkD; dks csjkstxkjh ls tksM+k x;k gS] rks foLrkjd uhfr csjkstxkjh ?kVk;sxh vkSj vkfèkD; Hkh ?kVk;sxkA ijarq
vFkZO;oLFkk dks iw.kZ larqyu ¯cnq E rd ys tkus osQ fy, fofue; nj dh ewY;&o`f¼ ;k ewY;&ßkl dks viukuk
gksxk tks vFkZO;oLFkk dks ,d y{; ;k nwljs y{; ls gVk;sxhA

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