Page 260 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ 3. swK bwzwr dw Kqrw (Threat to Credit Market) – jykr kyNdrI bYNk, swK bwzwr ƒ sKqI nwl inXMqirq
krdw hY Aqy invySk ibAwj drW iv`c inrMqr viriD dI auimd rKdy hn qW ieh swK bwjwr dy krz-Xog koSW
ƒ Kqm kr skdw hY[ Plsvrup, pRiqBuiqAW vycI nhI jw skdI Aqy swK bwzwr kMmW ƒ bMd kr skdw hY[
4. NBFIs dI SoDn-Smqw ƒ Kqrw (Threat to Solvency of NBFIs) – pRbl pRiqbMDwqmk modirk nIqI
qyjI nwl v`DdI ibAwj drW dy rwhI bcq bYkW Aqy bcqW Aqy krz sMgTnW ijvy NBFIs dI SoDn-Smqw
(solvency) ƒ Kqrw pYdw kr skdI hY[ ieho ijhw iesleI ik kmriSXl bYkW qo iBn, auh Apxy ƒ qyjI nwl
v`DdI ibAwj drW nwl sMquilq rKx dI siQiq iv`c nhI huMdy[
5. auDwr lYx vwlo Aqy aDwrdwqwvW dI pRqXwSwvW iv`c bdlwv (Changes of Expectations of Borrowers
and Lenders) – bhuq mihMgI modirk nIqI auDwr lYx vwlo Aqy aDwrdqwvW dI pRqXwSwvW ƒ bdl skdI hY[
iesleIo auh swK bwzwr siQiqAW iv`c ApirvrqnIX bdlwv lwdy hn[ ibAwj drW iv`c qyj viriD pRqXwSwvW
ƒ ienW bdl skdI hY ik jd ies nIqI ƒ C`f vI idqw jwdW hY Aqy iek ivsqwrk mudrw nIqI Suru kIqI jWdI
hY qd vI auDwrdwqw ibAwj drW iv`c dubwrw viriD hox dy purvwnumwn dy kwrx lMmy smy dw krz dyx dy leI
ieCw C`f skdy hn[ dUjy pwsy auDwr lYx vwly Biv`K iv`c ibAwj drW dy viriD hox dy purvwnumwn dy kwrx lMmy
smy dy koSW qo auDwr lY skdy hn jykr auhnW ƒ iesdI qwqkwilk jrurq nhI huMdI[
6. smy pScqwey (Time Lags) – mihMgI modirk nIqI dI pRBwivqw qy iek hor m`hqvpurx sImw ieh hY ik
kwrvwhI dI jrUrq Aqy kwrvwieAW dw AiBigAwn, inrxX Aqy pRcwln dy smy pScqwey rihdI hY[ cuMik modirk
AiDkwrI ien smy pScqwvW dy kwrx smy qy pRiqbMDwqmk modirk aupwieAW d pwln nhI kr pwdy iesleI
modirk nIqI bhuq holI kMm krdI hY[ AMq sPIiq ƒ inXMqirq krx iv`c ieh v`D pRBwvkwrI nhI hodI[
√ÚÀ ÓπÒª’‰ (Self Assessment)

hyT id`qy gey kQ`nW iv`c shI Aqy glq dI pihcwn kro
(State whether the following statements are True or False):
7. mudrwvwidAW dw mq hY ik kyNdrI bYNk mMdI dy dorwx ssqI nIqI rwhI kmrisXl bYkW dy irzrv v`Dw
skdw hY[
8. purx rojgwr ƒ modirk nIqI dy Kws audyiSAW iv`c nhI riKAW igAw hY[
9. sPIiq ƒ rokx iv`c modirk nIqI dI pRBwivqw dI iek m`hqvpurx sImw hY – jnqw rwhI rKI mudrw
dy vyg iv`c viriD[
10. jdo bYNk kyNdrI bYNk ƒ srkwrI pRiqBuiqAW vycdy hn qW bwjwr iv`c auhnW dI kImqW auT jWdI hY[

27.6 ivkwsSIl ArQivvsQw iv`c modirk nIqI dI Buimkw
(Role of Monetary Policy in a Developing Economy)
iek ivkwsSIl ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c modirk nIqI swK dI lwgq Aqy pRwpXqw ƒ pRBwivq krky, sPIiq qy
inXMqRx krky Aqy Bugqwn SyS sMquln ƒ kwiem rKky AwriQk viriD dI dr ƒ v`Dx iv`c m`hqvpurx kMm krdI
hY[ iesleI ieho ijhy dyS iv`c modirk nIqI dy Kws audyS sPIiq ƒ inXMqirq krky Aqy kImqW ƒ siQr krx
dy leI swK inXNqRx krxw ivinmX dr ƒ siQr krxw, Bugqwn SyS iv`c sMquln pRwpq krxw Aqy AwriQk
ivkws v`Dwxw hY[
1. sPIiqkwrI dbwvW ƒ inXNqirk krxw (To Control Inflationary Pressures) – ivkws dI pirikirAw
iv`c pYdw hox vwlI sPIiqkwrI dbwvW qy kwBu pwx dy leI, modirk nIqI ƒ Kws inXMqRx dy mwqrwqmk Aqy
guxwqmk donW pRkwr dy aupwieAW dI lox huMdI hY[ modirk nIqI dy apkrxW iv`c Kuly bwjwr pRcwln (open
market operations) Aivkisq dySW iv`c sPIiq ƒ inXNqirq krx iv`c sPl nhI hY ikauik ibnw mwrikt
Cotw Aqy Aivkisq huMdw hY[ kmriSXl bYNk locSIl nkd-jmw (cash-deposit) Anupwq rKdy hn ikauik auhnW
qy kyNdrI bYYNk dw purx inXqRx nhI hMudw[ auh Apx swpySqAw G`t ibAwj drW dy kwrx srkwrI pRiqBuiqAW

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