Page 61 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

iekweI–5: rojgwr dw klwiskI isDWq

ijdW aqpwdn hoieAw hY[ iedy Awgy clkr Awm byrojgwrI AwdI hY[[ ies qrW kynj ny ies inXm dw shwrw È؇
lykr, ik sImWq apBog pRbrIqI iek qo G`t rhwdI hY, sy dy inXm ƒ inrArQ ThrwieAw[
3. ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c Awp qbdIilAW nwmumikn (Self-adjustment Impossible in the Economy)–
kynj klwiskI ArQ-SwSqirAw ny ies ivcwr nwl shmq nhI sI kI purx rojgwr sMquln dI Awp smwXoijq
qbdIilAW dy leI AbMD nIqI (laissez faire) dI lox hY[ auswny lkS kIqw ik Awpxy smwj dy Asmwn FWcy
dy kwrx puMjIvwdI pRxwlI Awp Aqy Awp smwXoijq nhI krdI hY[ audy iv`c do pRDwn vrg huMdy hn – DnI Aqy
grIb[ DnIkW dy kol v`D DMn huMdw hY pr auh swry DMn ƒ apBog qy Krc nhI krdy[ grIbW dy kol apBogqw
vsquAW KrIdx dy leI mudrw dI G`wt huMdI hY[ ies qrW kul purqI dy mukwbly kul mMg dI Awm nXunqw rhdI
hY ijdy cldy ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c AqI-aqpwdn Aqy byrojgwrI AwdI hY[ vsquq: ‘v`DI mMdI’ iesI dw pirxwm
sI[ jykr puMjIvwdI ivvsQw Awp Aqy Awp smwXoijq krdI huMdI, qW iehojw kdy n huMdw[ iesleI kynj ny
ies g`l dw smrQn kIqw kI ArQ-ivvsQw dy iv`c purqI Aqy mMg c smwXoijq krx dy leI rwjkoiSAw Aqy
modrk iviDAW dy mwiDAm nwl rwjX hsqSyp kry[
4. Awmdn bdlwv rwhI bcq Aqy invyS iv`c smwnqw (Equality between Saving and Investment
Through Income Changes)– klwiskI ArQSwsqrIAw dw ieh ivSvws hY ik purx rojgwr dy p`Dr qy
bcq Aqy invyS brwbr huMdy hn Aqy jykr auswdy iv`c iksy qrW dw ivcln ho qW ibAwj dI dr dw qMqr aus iv`c
smwnqw lw iddW hY[ kynj dy muqbwk, bcq dw p`Dr ibAwj dI dr qy nhI blik Awmdn dy p`Dr qy inrBr
krdw hY[ jykr ivvwswX pRqXwSwey k`t hox qW ibAwj dI nIcI dr iv`c invyS nhI v`Dygw[ jykr invyS iv`c
bcq v`D jwvy, qW iehdw mqlb hY lOk apBog qy ijAwdqr G`t Krc krdy hY[ ieh dy kwrx mMg ifg jWdI
hY, Aiq-aqpwdn huMdw hY Aqy invyS Awmdn, Aor aqpwdn iv`c kMmI Aw jWdI hY[ iedy nwl bcq G`t jwvygI
Aqy AMqq: Awmdn iv`c soc qo ijAwdw bcq Aqy invyS iv`c smwnqw sQwipq ho jwvygI[ ies qrW, ibAwj dI
dr dI AwpySw rup iv`c bdlwv nwl bcq Aqy invyS iv`c smwnqw AwdI hY[
5. mjdUrI ktOqI dw nkwrnw (Refutation of Wage Cut) – kynj ny pIgU dy ies isDWq ƒ nkwrIAw hY
ik mudrw-mjdUrI iv`c ktOqI krx nwl ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c purx rojgwr aplbD kIqw jw skdw hY[ pIgU dy
ivSlySx iv`c sb qo v`DI kMmI ieh rhI hY ik auswny aus qrk ƒ, jyVw iviSSt EDog iv`c pICy huMdw hY, swrI
ArQ-ivvsQw qy lwgu kr idqw[ mjdUrI dI dr iv`c kMmI, lwgqo Aqy mMg ƒ v`Dkr iek EDog iv`c qW rojgwr
v`Dw idqw jwdW hY pr swrI ArQ-ivvsQw dy leI ies qrW dw rojgwr G`t jwdW hY[ jd mjdUrI iv`c Awm
ktOqI huMdI hY, qW SrimkW dI Awmdn G`t jWdI hY pirxwmq: kul mMg ifMg jWdI hY ijQy nwl rojgwr iv`c kMmI
AwdI hY[
ivAwvhwirk dirStI qy kynj ny mjdUrI iv`c ktOqI krx dI nIiq dw kdy iv smrDn nhI ikqw[ AMj dy Xug
iv`c SrimkW ny mjbuq tryf XuinXn bxw leI hY jyVI mjdUrI G`twx dw ivroD krdI hY[ ieh iehdy ivroD
iv`c hVqwl krygy[ pirxwmsrrup ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c jyVI ASwnqI pYdw hovygI, audy nwl Awmdn G`tygI[
Pyr, swmwijk inAwX dI mMg vI iehI hY ik jykr lwB ƒ n CyiVAw jwvy qW mjdUrI vI nhI GtnI cwihdI[
kynj ny ies klwiskI mq ƒ vI svIkwr nhI kIqw ik mudrw mjdUrI Aqy vwsqivk mjdUrI dy iv`c pRqXS
smwƒpwiqk sMbD huMdw hY, auhdY muqbwk ienW donW dy iv`c aultW sMbD hMudw hY[ jd kul mjdUrI ifgdI hY qW
vwsqivk mjdUrI v`DdI hY, Aqy ivlomS iv[ iesleI ijvyjw prMprwvwidAW dw ivSvws sI, auhyjw nhI hovygw
Aqy mudrw-mjdruI iv`c G`t hox nwl vwsqivk mjdUrI G`tI nhI blik v`DI hY, ikaik mudrw-mjdUrI iv`c
ktOqI dy nwl aqpwdn dI lwgq Aqy kImqy v`D G`tygI[ies qrW prMprwvwidAW dw ieh mq itk nhI pwdw ik
vwsqivk mjdUrI iv`c kMmI hox nwl rojgwr v`Dygw[ pr, kynj dw ieh ivSvws is ik mudrw mjdUrI iv`c kMmI
krx modrk Aqy rwjkoSIAw iviDAw dy mwiDAm nwl rojgwr ƒ v`D v`DwieAw jw skdw hY[ jd mjdUrI Aqy
kImqW G`tx nwl sNsQwink ivroD ieny pRbl huMdy hY ik nIqI ƒ cln iv`c nhI lwieAw jw skdw[
6. rwjX hsqSyp dw smrQn (Support of State Intervention ) – kynj pIgu dy ies mq nwl vI shmq
nhI hy ik “ swfI aqpwdkIAw qwkq dy purx rup iv`c apXog kr skny dI AsPlqw dy AsQweI kusmwXojn
hI aqrdwXI hY[” puMjIvwdI ivvsQw ieho ijhI hY ik jykr iehƒ ieklw kr idqw jwvy qW auh aqpwdkIAw

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 55