Page 93 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

iekweI- 10: invyS Pln

3. AwXoijq invyS Aqy AinXoijq invyS (Planned Investment and Unplanned Investment) È؇
invyS ƒ AwXoijq Aqy AiBpRyq invyS ikhw jwdW hY, jyVw mwl qwilkwvW iv`c virDI Aqy iek hor XMqr dI
sQwpnw rwhI vrqmwn stw`k ƒ v`Dx dy leI jwnbuJkr kIqw igAw pRXws pRoqswihq krdI hY[ ieh BwrI vyc
Aqy Anukul bwjwr dI dSwvW qo pRyirq ho skdw hY[ auDmI iek inSicq smy AviD inrDwrk lks dy muqwibk
ies invyS ƒ hMQ pwx dw ivcwr bxwdW hY[
iedy dujI Aor AinXoijq invyS auDwimAw dI Aor qo ivvS invyS (forced Investment) hY[ ieh qd huMdw hY,
je G`t vyc dy kwrx kuJ n vycI geI vsquAw iqAwr ho jWdI hY[
ieh jrurI nhI ik vwsqivk invyS (realised investment) AwXoijq invyS dy brwbr hovy[ vwsqivk invyS,
AwXoijq Aqy AinXoijq invyS dy joV dy brwbr huMdw hY[jdyN AinXoijq invyS jIry dy brwbr huNdw hY, qW vwsqivk
invyS AwXyijq invyS dy brwbr huMdw hY[ ivsqwr iv`c,
vwsqivk invyS = AwXoijq invyS + AinXoijq invyS

4. pRyirq invyS Aqy svwXq invyS (Induced Investment and Autonomous Investment)
invyS dw pRyirq Aqy svwXq invyS dy vrgIkrx smStIgq AwriQk ivSlySx qo mhqvpurx hY[ invyS jyVw ik
aDwimAw dI lwB ieCwvW qy inrBr krdw hY, pRyirq invyS khlwdW hY[ jd aDwmI puMjIgq vsquAW dI mdd
nwl aqpwidq vsquAW dI qyj vyc dI kwmnw krdw hY, qW auh aun puMjIgq vsquAW ƒ pYdw krdy hn jW mMgvwdy
hn[ ieho ijhw purvwnumwn Awmdn dy p`Dr Aqy apBogqwvW dI pRBwvpurx mMg qy inrBr krdw hY[Awmdn dy
p`Dr iv`v virDI nwl rojgwr dw p`Dr v`Ddw hY Aqy iesleI apBogqw vsquAw dI mMg v`D jWdI hY Awmdn Aqy
invyS dy iv`c ieh Dnwqmk Plnk sMbD AwlyK rwhI icqr
10.1 iv`c smJwieAw igAw hY[ ies icqr iv`c Awmdn ƒ
X- (horizontal) AMS qy ivKwieAw igAw hY jdik invyS ƒ Y-
(vertical) AMS qy ivKwieAw igAw hY[ Awmdn OY qo OY
1 2
iqkr virDI hox dI pRiqkirAw svrup invyS dy p`Dr Y I
1 1
qo Y I v`D jwdW hY[ iesleI pRirq invyS Awmdn locdwr
2 2
(Income elastic) hY[ Awmdn dw p`Dr ijnW aucw hovygw, aunW
hI invyS v`D hovygw[ Awmdn qo Awlwvw, pyRirq invyS AiBnv
pirvrqn (innovations), srkwrI nIqI, AwbwdI dy Awkwr
Aqy sMGtn, AwdI qy vI inrBr krdw hY[
Kud dw invyS Awmdn dy p`Dr Aqy ibAwj dI dr nwl pRBwivq
nhI huMdw[ srkwr rwhI jnapXogI syvwvW (ijvy rylvy, sVk, icqr 10.1 p®yirq invyS
ibjlI, fwk Aqy qwr, AwdI) iv`c kIqw igAw ijAwdqr invyS
ies SryxI jW vrg nwl sMbiDq hY, cuik srkwr dy invyS inrxX
mwqr lwB jW nukswn qo pRyirq nhI huMdy[ iedy dujI Aor, injI
invyS dw Kud dw hoxW dI lox nhI hY[cuik Kud dw invyS ibAwj
dy pRiq purI qrW bylocdwr hovygw, iehdw vkr X-AMS qy brwbr
hY[ iehƒ AwryKI rup iv`c icqr 10.2 iv`c ivKwieAw igAw
hY, ijQy ivKwdw hY ik Awmdn dy hr p`Dr qy invyS dI mwqrw
ieko ijhI huMdI rhwdI hY[ qknIk iv`c bdlwv, nvy sMswDnW
dI Koj, AwbwdI iv`c virDI, ivvyS leI bjt AwbNtn, AwdI
dy AwDwr qy ieh vkr auqy dI Aor (jW Qwly dI Aor) iKsk
skdw hY[ pRyirq Aqy Kud dw invyS ƒ joVky swmuihk invyS
pRwpq kIqw jw skdw hY[
icqr 10.2 svw`Xq invyS

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