Page 96 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ bnwnW cwihdw hY ikauik B`ivK dI pRwpiqAw smwn vqrmwn rwiS qo G`t mu`lvwn hY[ aDmI nvy invyS qy B`ivK
pRwpiqAW Aqy vqrmwn iek muSq Krc dy iv`c AMqr nhI jwx skdw[
kIns ny sMpiq qo iesdy jIvn kwl dy dorwx ApyiSq swlwnw sUD pRiqPl dy leI “swlwnw” Sbd dw pRXog kIqw
hY[ hr swl qy ijny swlW dy leI ieh vrqmwn qo dur hY, b`tw lgwkr, ien (BwvI) swlW dy vrqmwn mu`l ƒ
pRwpq kIqw jw skdw hY[ b`tw lgwx dy leI, ckrvirqI ibAwj dI gxnw ƒ dUjI idSw v`l pRXog krxw huMdw hY[
jykr iek mulDn rkm P,n swlW leI ckrvirDI ibAwj qy idqI jWdI hY, ieh sMicq hokr A DMnrwiS ho jwvygI,
ies qrW dI A = P(1 +r) , ijQy r ibAwj dI dr hY[ dUjy SbdW iv`c, jykr A,r Aqy n pRwpq hY, P dw mwn P
n
=A/(1 +r) dy rU5 iv`c idqw jw skdw hY[ ieQy, BwvI Awmdn Aqy pRiqPl A ƒ r dy brwbr b`tw ilgwieAw
n
igAw smJw jw skdw hY[ ies suqr ƒ iek insixcq smy kwl qo bwd pRwpq hox vwlI Awmdn dy vrqmwn mu`l
ƒ pRwpq krx iv`c pRXog kIqw jw skdw hY[ iesI qrW, jykr SuD (BwvI) pRwpiq Aqy (vrqmwn) suru dI lwgq
dI hoeI hovy, qW AsI b`tw dr (pRwpqI dr) pRwpq kr skdy hY[ adwhrx dy leI, jykr iek Prm iek puMjIgq
apskr ƒ 1,00,000 rupey iv`c KirddI hY, ijdy nwl hux qo do swlW bwd 1,21,000 rupey dI iekmuSq SuD
pRwpqI pRwpq krx dI kwmnw krdI hY qW swlwnw pRwpqI dr ƒ ies suqr rwhI pRwpq kIqw jw skdw hY[ ijQy,
1,21,000
1,00,000 =
(1 + r) 2

1,21,000
1 + r = = 1.1
1,00,000
r = 0.10 = 10 %

vwsqivk jIvn iv`c pRwpiqAw pMujIgq sMpiq dy jIvn dy lgwqwr pRwpq huMdI hY[ mwinAw, ApyiSq swlwnw SuD
pRwpiqAW dI SMrKlW A ,A ,A ,………….. A hY ijQy ADoiliKq swl dy pRqIk hY[ P ,P ,P ,………….. P
1 2 3 n 1 2 3 n
kRmS auhnW dy vrqmwn mul hn[ ApyiSq swlwnw SuD pRwpiqAw dw kul vrqmwn mul P +P +P ,…………+P
1 2 3 n
hY[
A A A
Aqy, PV = 1 + 2 + ........... n
+
(1r ) (1r ) 2 (1r ) n
+
+
ieQy, PV dw Bwv ArQ puMjIgq sMpiq invyS nwl ApyiSq Awmdn dy BwvI pRvwh dy kul vMifAw vqrmwn mul qo hY[
A 1 , A 2 , A 3 ,..........., A n
(1r+ ) (1r+ ) (1r+ ) 3 (1r+ ) n
2

Awid mdyN pihly swl, du`jy swl, qIjy swl Aqy n vyN swl dy AMq iv`c ApykiSq Awmdn pRvwh pRwieX (sivk-
wirA) dy vrqmwn mu`l nUM pRsquq krdI hY[
hux ,iek mhq`vpurx pRSn aTdw hY ik ky invyS pirXojnw iv`c h`Q pwauxw cwihdw jW nhIN[ jy pUMjIgq vsquAW
dI lwgq pRiqAwiSq pRwpiqAW dy ku`l vrqmwn mu`l qoN G`t hY,invyS pirXojnw lwBpRd huMdI hY[ pr, jy vsqu
dI lwgq pRwpiqAW dy vrqmwn mu`l qoN v`D hY ,qW invyS iv`c h`Q nhIN pwaxw cwihdw[ jdoN doNvyN kyvl brwbr
huMdy hn, invyS adwsInqw dw ivSw bx jwNdw hY[
adwhrx (Illustration)

5 swl dy AwriQk jIvn dw iek XMqr hr swl 1,000 rupey pRwpiq idMdw hY[iesdI vrqmwn lwgq 3,500
rupey hY Aqy ibAwj dr 12 pRiqSq hY[ kI ies XMqr iv`c invyS krnw PwiedymMd rY?

90 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY