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vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dk xf.kr




                   uksV         vo;o   iQyu   }kjk   ;   :   ls laxqf.kr gSA
                                vr% iQyu dk ijkl : D 9  9  9  9  E
                                vkSj iQyu   : D   9  9  8 9   9  -9   9   9   9   9   E



                                                                 iz'ukoyh 1-1

                                                    1                         
                                                                               1

                                  1- ;fn       :    8    rks fl¼ dhft, fd       ;      =  0-
                                                    x 2                       
                                                                                x
                                                 n              
                                                                 1
                                  2- ;fn    #  :      rks    #  ;       dk eku Kkr dhft,A             <mÙkj(  =
                                                                 n
                                                1 +  n          
                                  3- ;fn       :   *   rks       dk eku Kkr dhft,A                      <mÙkj( -=

                                                   x
                                  4- iQyu       :      dk Mksesu    ,  
  rFkk ifjlj    
*   Kkr dhft,A D;k iQyu ,oSQdh
                                                 1 +  x 2
                                      gS\                                                               <mÙkj(  =
                                                            a 
                                                        f   
                                                 x          b 
                                  5- ;fn       :     rks       dk eku Kkr dhft,A                    <mÙkj(   
J  =
                                                x − 1       b 
                                                        f   
                                                            a 
                                                   x + 2
                                  6- ;fn   :       :     rks fl¼ dhft, fd   :                       <mÙkj(   
J  =
                                                   x − 1
                                                2x −  3
                                  7- ;fn       :       rks fl¼ dhft, fd               :
                                                2x +  3

                                  8- ;fn       : 	  rks fl¼ dhft, fd      ;   ;    :
                                                    1                                                       1
                                                                      1

                                  9- ;fn       :    ;    rks         rFkk       dk eku Kkr dhft,A  <mÙkj(  9   + x 2
                                                                      x
                                                    x 2                                                 2     x

                                 10- ;fn       :    8 #   8     ;      ;    8 %   ; #   ;   8   rks    #  dk eku Kkr dhft,A
                                                                                                       <mÙkj(  -=
                                 11-   osQ fdu ekuksa osQ fy, fuEu iQyu ifjHkkf"kr ugha gSa\
                                                                                    3
                                             1                   1                 x − 4

                                                                3
                                           x −  3              x −  1              x − 2
                                                                                    x
                                                                                   a − 1
                                        
    
              	   x
                                                                                     x

                                 12- ;fn       :     ;   rFkk      :     ;  9 rks fuEufyf[kr osQ eku Kkr dhft,µ
                                        
    ;     - 9        ;     8             8       9     8 *
                                                1
                                                                              f         f 
                                                                                              −
                                                  9                       
       (2) 9      (1)
                                                2
                                                                              g         g 
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