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VED1
E L-LOVELY-H math18-1 IInd 21-10-11 IIIrd 24-1-12 IVth 21-4-12 Vth 20-8-12 VIth 10-9-12

fJekJh^18 L t:{j (w?fNqe;) L noE ns/ gqeko

9H i/eo fszB w?fNqe; A, B, C nB[ebB jB sK (A + B) + C = A + (B + C) :'r dk ;fjuo B'N
r[D do;kT[Adk j?.
10H d' w?fNqe;K dk nzsol A ns/ B d/ :'iBkswe gqshb'w Gkt A + B i'VB s/ fwbdk j?.

18H7 ;koKP (Summary)
• fJZe nkfJskeko nzenkfJs (Rectangular Arromy), fi;B{z gzeshnK (Rows) ns/ ;szGK
ftZu ftt;fEs ehsk frnk j't/, t:{j ejkT[Adk j?.
• m gzeshnK (Rows) ns/ n ;szGK (Columns) ftZu mn ;zfynktK d/ ftB:k;
(Permutation) B{z m × n eqw dk w?fNqe; (Matrix) efjzd/ jB.
• fit/A nkfJs (Rectangle) dhnK d' ftwktK bzpkJh ns/ u"VkJh jB ns/ T[;h soQK w?fNqe;
dhnK ftwktK gzeshnK dh ;zfynk × ;szGK dh ;zfynk j[zdh j?. gfoGkPk ftZu fdZs/ j'J/
w?fNqe; B{z A, B, C nkfd d[nkok ;ze/s eod/ jB. fit/A A m × n . B 2 × 3 .C 1 × 3 nkfd.
• i/eo fe;h th w?fNqe; ftZu gzeshnK ns/ ;szGK dhnK ;zfynktK m ns/ n j'D, sK
nkfJskeko nfGnk; ftZu e[ZbQ m × n ;zxNeK dh ;zfynk j't/rh.
• i/eo fe;h w?fNqe; ftZu gzeshnK ns/ ;szGK dh ;zfynk pokpo j? T[d'A T[;B{z tor
w?fNqe; efjzd/ jB.
• i/eo n = 1, T[d'A w?fNqae; ftZu e/tb fJZe ;szG oj/rk ns/ gzeshnK dhnK ;zfynktK eJh,
fJ;B{z ;szG w?fNqe; ejKr/.
• i/eo fe;h w?fNqe; d/ ;ko/ ;zxNe Iho' j'D, sK T[j Iho' w?fNqe; ejkT[Adk j?.
• fJj fJZe tor w?fNqe; j? fi;d/ ;ko/ fteoD ;zxNe (Diagonal Elements) fJekJh jB
ns/ j'o ;zxNe Iho' jB. fJ;B{z ss;we iK fJekJh w?fNqe; efjzd/ jB.
• i/eo fe;h tor w?fNqae; d/ gqw[Zy fteoD T[Zs/ ;fEs ;zxNeK B{z SZv e/ pkeh ;G Iho' jB,
T[d'A T[;B{z fteoD w?fNqe; efjzd/ jB.
• T[j fteoD w?fNqe;, fi;d/ ;ko/ fteoD ;zxNe ;wkB j'D, ;e/bo w?fNqe; ejkT[Adk j?.
• T[j tor w?fNqe;, fi;d/ w[Zy fteoD d/ T[Zgo d/ ;zxNe Iho' j'D, nX'fse'Dh w?fNaqe;
(Lower Triangular Matrix) efjzd/ jB.
• T[j tor w?fNqae; fi;d/ gqXkB fteoD d/ ;ko/ ;zxNe Iho' j'D, w?fNqe; dk T[Zgohfse'Dh
(Upper Triangular) ejkT[Adk j?.
• tor w?fNqe; d/ gqXkB fteoD d/ ;ko/ ;zxNeK dk i'VQ, w?fNqe; dk fteoD :'r ejkT[Adk
j?.
th
• T[j tor w?fNqe; A (eqw n × n), fi;d/ jo/e (i – j) xNe (;zxNe) d/ bJh a ij = a ji
j'D, ;wfws w?fNqe; ejkT[Adk j?.
th
• T[j tor w?fNqe; A (eqw n × n), fi;d/ jo/e (i – j) fiBQK d/ jo/e oue d/ bJh a ji = a ij
j'D, ;wfws w?fNqe; ejkT[Adk j?.

18H8 Ppde'P (Keywords)

• w?fNqe; (Matrix) ^ t:{j, nk:skeko.
• ;zxNe (Elements) ^ sZs.

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