Page 164 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV bl izdkj] djk/ku tc miHkksx osQ lkekU; Lrj dks fxjkrk gS vkSj cprksa dks c<+krk gS rks mlls O;kolkf;d
fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj dk Lrj fxjus yxrk gS] fo'ks"k :i ls fodflr ns'kksa esa] blh izdkj] tc djkèkku cprksa o
fuos'k dks grksRlkfgr djrk gS rks mlls O;kolkf;d fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj dk Lrj fxjus yx tkrk gS] fo'ks"k :i
ls vYifodflr ns'kksa esaA

VkLd jkstxkj ij djk/ku osQ izHkko dk la{ksi esa mYys[k djsaA

14-6 djkjksi.k vkSj vkfFkZd fLFkjrk (Taxation and Economic Stability)

fdlh Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fodkl osQ fy, vkfFkZd fLFkjrk dk jguk vko';d gSA lekt osQ vkfFkZd thou dk
fu;eu djus osQ fy, ljdkj djkjksi.k dk lgkjk ys ldrh gSA bl lEcU/ esa izks- yuZj dk er gS] ¶djkjksi.k
dk ,dek=k mís'; ns'k esa vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa vFkkZr~ mRiknu] forj.k ,oa miHkksx lEcU/h fØ;kvksa osQ vkdkj dks
fu;fer djuk gh gksuk pkfg,A¸

14-6-1 djk/ku rFkk eqnzkLiQhfr (Taxation and Inflation)

eqnzkLiQhfr (Inflation) rFkk eUnh (depression) dh vof/;ksa esa djk/ku fHkUu&fHkUu izdkj osQ ;ksxnku dj
ldrk gSA eqnzkLiQhfr osQ fnuksa esa djk/ku dk mís'; yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa ls Ø;'kfDr dks de djuk gksrk gSA vr%
u;s dj yxkus rFkk izpfyr djksa dh njksa esa o`f¼ djus ls miHkksx ij jksd yxrh gS] ftlls leFkZ ek¡x dk Lrj
fxjrk gS vkSj mlls dherksa eas fLFkjrk ykus esa enn feyrh gSA ;gh ugha eqnzk LiQhfr osQ fnuksa eas] Hkkjh dj yxus
ls izpfyr rFkk djksa dh njksa esa o`f¼ gksus ls Ø;'kfDr (purchasing power) yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa ls ljdkj
dh vksj dks LFkkukUrfjr gks tkrh gS] ftldk fd ;fn leqfpr :i ls mRiknu dk;ks± osQ fy, mi;ksx fd;k tk,
rks mlls vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj dk Lrj Å¡pk mBrk gS vkSj oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dh iwfrZ esa okafNr o`f¼
gksus ls c<+rh gqbZ dhersa #dus yxrh gSaA eqnzkLiQhfr osQ fnuksa esa oqQN dj lEcU/h NwVsa rFkk dj&fj;k;rsa nsuk
Hkh blfy, t:jh gks ldrk gS rkfd cprksa ij fuos'k dh nj esa o`f¼ djosQ mRiknu c<+k;k tk losQA mnkgj.k
osQ fy,] cprksa dks djk/ku ls eqDr fd;k tk ldrk gS vFkok mu cprksa dks dj&eqDr j[kk tk ldrk gS ftudk
mi;ksx ches dh fdLrsa vnk djus esa fd;k tkrk gksA ;gh ugha] mRiknu dks izksRlkgu nsus osQ fy, u;s LFkkfir
gksus okys m|ksxksa dks ;k rks iw.kZr;k dj&eqDr j[kk tk ldrk gS vFkok oqQN o"kks± rd mu ij gYdh njksa ls dj
yxk;s tk ldrs gSaA

14-6-2 djk/ku rFkk eUnh (Taxation and Depression)

tSlk fd Åij crk;k tk pqdk gS] djk/ku yksxksa osQ gkFk esa fo|eku Ø;'kfDr dks de dj nsrk gSA bl izdkj]
djk/ku Ø;'kfDr dks yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa ls ljdkj dh vksj dks LFkkukUrfjr dj nsrk gS ftlosQ dkj.k miHkksx
grksRlkfgr gksrk gS vkSj mlls oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dh leFkZ ek¡x (effective demand) esa deh gks tkrh
gSA leFkZ ek¡x osQ ?kVus ls eUnh dh rhozrk esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA vr% volkn dky (eUnh dh vofèk) esa
;fn djksa dh ek=kk rFkk njksa esa deh dj nh tk, rks vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj osQ Lrj ij mlls vuqowQy izHkko
iM+ ldrs gSaA blosQ vfrfjDr] djksa osQ }kjk ,d=k ljdkjh vk; dks lM+dksa tSlh tuksi;ksxh lsokvksa (public
utility services) osQ fuekZ.k ij O;; fd;k tk ldrk gS rkfd oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dh leFkZ ek¡x esa o`f¼
gks losQA ;gh ugha] tks dj lekt osQ fu/Zu oxZ ij vf/d cks> Mkyrs gSa] tSls fd lkekU;r% fu/Zu yksxksa }kjk
iz;ksx dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa ij yxus okys mRiknu&dj rFkk fcØh&dj] ;fn bu djksa esa] deh dj nh tk, rks
vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa o jkstxkj osQ Lrj ij okaNuh; izHkko iM+ ldrs gSaA bl izdkj osQ djksa osQ ?kVkus ls ,d vksj
rks O;fDr;ksa osQ miHkksx O;; c<+saxs vkSj nwljh vksj mRikndksa o foozsQrkvksa dh vk; Hkh c<+ tk;sxh vkSj os mRiknu
c<+kus dks izsfjr gksaxsA ifj.kkeLo:i vk;] jkstxkj ,oa fofu;ksx esa o`f¼ gksxhA

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158 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY