Page 165 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—14% mRiknu vkSj o`f¼ ij djk/ku osQ izHkko

fu/Zu vk; okys oxks± ls lEcfU/r yksx lkekU;r% viuh vk; dk vf/dka'k Hkkx [kpZ dj nsrs gSaA vr% ;fn uksV
,sls djksa esa deh dh xbZ rks mlls oqQy O;; esa Bksl o`f¼ gksxhA blosQ foijhr] tks dj /uh oxZ osQ yksxksa ij
vf/d izHkko Mkyrs gSa muls miHkksx vf/d grksRlkfgr ugha gksrkA vr% muesa ,slh gh deh djus dh dksbZ
vko';drk ugha gksrhA okLro esa] eUnhdky esa djk/ku dk mís'; ;g gksuk pkfg, fd fu/Zu yksxksa dh Ø;
'kfDr esa o`f¼ dh tk, vkSj ;g mís'; rc izkIr gks ldrk gS tcfd bu yksxksa ij djk/ku dk de cks> Mkyk
tk, vkSj Ø;&'kfDr lekt osQ /uh oxZ osQ ikl ls bu yksxksa osQ ikl dks LFkkukUrfjr dh tk,A ?kkVs dk ctV
(deficit budget) cukdj Hkh bu yksxksa dh Ø;&'kfDr esa o`f¼ dh tk ldrh gSA bu yksxksa dh Ø;&'kfDr
esa o`f¼ gksus ls oqQy leFkZ ek¡x esa Hkh o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj mlosQ iQyLo:i O;kolkf;d fØ;k rFkk jkstxkj dk
Lrj Hkh Å¡pk mBrk gSA
Li"V gS fd eqnzkLiQhfr dky esa u;s djksa dks yxkdj ,oa iqjkus djksa dh njksa esa o`f¼ dj rFkk eqnzk laoqQpu esa
djksa dks gVkdj ;k djksa dks de djosQ vkfFkZd fLFkjrk izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA vk/qfud vFkZ'kkL=kh bls
dk;kZRed foÙk (Functional Finance) osQ uke ls iqdkjrs gSa tks vkfFkZd uhfr dk eq[; vax gSA

14-7 djk/ku osQ fu;kedh; izHkko (Regulatory Effects of Taxation)

djk/ku dk mi;ksx mRiknu rFkk miHkksx osQ fu;eu (regulation) osQ ,d lk/u osQ :i esa Hkh fd;k tk
ldrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] oqQy oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu dks djksa ls eqDr djosQ vkSj oqQN vU; oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu
ij Hkkjh dj yxkdj mRiknu dh izÑfr rFkk ek=kk dks fu;fer fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;gh ugha] oqQN oLrqvksa osQ
mRiknu rFkk iz;ksx ij dj yxkdj miHkksx dks fu;fU=kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] oqQN djksa dk
mís'; ;g gks ldrk gS fd 'kjkc tSlh oqQN gkfudkjd oLrqvksa osQ miHkksx rFkk mRiknu dks de fd;k tk,A
blh izdkj] vk;kr rFkk fu;kZr dj ns'k osQ vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dks fu;fU=kr dj ldrs gSaA rFkkfi] ;gk¡ ;g
mYys[kuh; gS fd ns'k osQ miHkksx rFkk mRiknu dh ek=kk dk fu;eu djus osQ fy, vosQyk djk/ku gh lnk i;kZIr
gksrk gks] ,slh ckr ughaA miHkksx rFkk mRiknu dks fu;fU=kr djus osQ fy, djk/ku osQ lkFk&lkFk fu;U=k.k osQ vU;
vusd mik; Hkh viukus gksrs gSaA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dFku dh igpku djsa
(State whether the following statements are True or False) :
11. yksd foÙk dk ,d lcls izeq[k y{; vkfFkZd fLFkjrk cuk;s j[kuk gSA

12. djk/ku yksxksa osQ gkFk esa fo|eku Ø;'kfDr dks c<+k nsrk gSA
13. tc miHkksx ?kVrk gS rks cprksa esa rFkk fuos'k esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA
14. fdlh Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fodkl osQ fy, vkfFkZd fLFkjrk dk jguk vko';d ugha gSA
15. eqnzkLiQhfr osQ fnuksa esa djk/ku dk mís'; yksxksa osQ gkFkksa esa ls Ø;'kfDr dks de djuk gksrk gSA

14-8 lkjka'k (Summary)

• dj lEcU/ uhfr viukrs le; eq[; mís'; osQoy vkfFkZd ykHk ;k vkf/D; izkIr djuk ugha gksuk
pkfg, vfirq vFkZO;oLFkk esa fLFkjrk cuk;s j[kuk vkSj rsth ls eUnh dks jksduk Hkh gksuk pkfg,A

• djk/ku dk vFkZ gS O;fDrxr gkFkksa esa ls ljdkj dh vksj dks Ø;'kfDr (purchasing power) dk
LFkkukUrj.kA vU; 'kCnksa esa bldk eryc gS djnkrk dh Ø;'kfDr esa deh gksuk rFkk thou dh vfuok;Z]
vkjkenk;d ,oa foykflrk dh oLrqvksa dks izkIr djus dh mldh ;ksX;rk esa deh vkukA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 159
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY