Page 236 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV gksxhA vU; 'kCnksaa esa] blls mRiknu rFkk miHkksx c<+sxk vkSj yksxksa dks Js"Brj vk; rFkk Js"Brj thou&Lrj izkIr
gksxkA

ljdkj dks pkfg, fd og ,sls m|eksa (enterprises) dks vius gkFk esa ysus osQ fy, Hkh ljdkjh [kpZ djus
dks rS;kj jgs tks xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k dks vkdf"kZr ugha djrs vFkok ftuesa tkrs gq, izkbosV iw¡th blfy, 'kjekrh
gS D;ksafd muesa ykHk dh lEHkkouk,¡ cgqr de gksrh gSa vFkok ftuesa Hkkjh ek=kk esa iw¡th fuos'k dh vko';drk
gksrh gS vkSj izfriQy ,d yEcs le; osQ ckn izkIr gksrk gSA bl izdkj rhoz xfr ls vkfFkZd fodkl djus osQ
fy, ftu ewyHkwr rFkk vk/kjHkwr m|ksxksa dh vko';drk gksrh gS] tSls fd yksgk o bLikr] v.kq&'kfDr]
cgq&mís'kh; ty&fo|qr ifj;kstuk,a] Hkkjh fo|qr rFkk bUthfu;¯jx vkfn] os blh oxZ osQ m|eksa esa fxus tkrs gSaA
fdUrq fefJr vFkZO;oLFkk (mixed economy) osQ vUrxZr] ljdkjh [kpZ dk mís'; xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k dh enn
djosQ gh iwjk ugha gks ikrk cfYd mls xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k osQ iwjd rFkk vuqiwjd osQ :i esa Hkh dk;Z djuk gksrk
gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dFku dh igpku djsa
(State whether the following statements are True or False) :
9. csjkstxkjh dks vkfFkZd oqQlaxBu dk eq[; izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA
10. fuos'k lnk gh O;; osQ cjkcj gksrs gSaA
11. ljdkj }kjk {kfriwfrZ O;; dk vFkZ gksrk gS ?kkVs dh foÙk&O;oLFkk dks viukukA
12. ljdkjh O;; eqnzkLiQhfr dks fu;af=kr djus esa lgk;d ugha gks ldrkA
13. vkfFkZd fLFkjrk osQ lkFk vkfFkZd izxfr osQ fl¼kar dks viuk;k tkuk pkfg,A

18-8 lkjka'k (Summary)

• ljdkjh O;; osQ izHkkoksa dk fo'ys"k.k djrs le; MkYVu us ;g Bhd gh dgk gS fd ¶djk/ku rks ,slk

gksuk pkfg, fd tks mRiknu esa U;wure deh djs vkSj ljdkjh [kpZ ,slk gksuk pkfg, tks mRiknu esa
vfèkdre o`f¼ djs] c'krsZ fd vU; ckrsa leku jgsaA¸
• izfrj{kk ij fd;k tkus okyk ljdkjh O;; blfy, vuqRiknd ugha gksrk gS D;ksafd fdlh Hkh jk"Vª esa
vkUrfjd 'kkfUr mldh cká lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls og vR;Ur vko';d rFkk egÙoiw.kZ gksrk vkSj blosQ
fcuk ml ns'k osQ vkfFkZd dY;k.k esa Hkh o`f¼ ugha dh tk ldrhA
• oqQN vk/kjHkwr lsokvksa] tSls fd lM+dksa] jsyksa o ¯lpkbZ ifj;kstukvksa vkfn osQ fuekZ.k ij fd;k tkus
okyk ljdkjh O;; ns'k dk vkfFkZd fodkl djus esa cM+k lgk;d gksrk gSA
• ljdkj }kjk u;s rFkk pkyw m|ksx&/U/ksa dks vkfFkZd lgk;rk osQ rkSj ij vf/nku (bounties) rFkk
miknku (subsidies) fn;s tkrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj fd;k x;k ;g ljdkjh [kpZ yksxksa osQ lk/uksa dks
u;s&u;s m|ksxksa dks [kksyus esa yxkus osQ fy, rFkk pkyw m|ksxksa dk mRiknu c<+kus osQ fy, lgk;d gksrk
gSA
• ,slh vusd fn'kkvksa esa fd;k tkus okyk vf/dkf/d ljdkjh [kpZ blfy, okaNuh; gS rkfd fofHkUu
mi;ksxksa osQ chp leqnk; osQ lk/uksa dk ,slk forj.k fd;k tk losQ ftlosQ loksZÙke ifj.kke gksa vkSj tks
fcuk fdlh i{kikr osQ orZeku o Hkfo"; osQ chp lUrqyu j[k losQA¸
• vkfFkZd fLFkjrk (economic stability) vFkkZr~ iw.kZ jkstxkj rFkk ewY;ksa osQ LFkkf;Ro dks cuk;s j[kus
osQ fy, Hkh vk£Fkd lk/uksa osQ LFkkukUrj.k (diversion) dks egÙoiw.kZ ekuk tkrk gSA

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