Page 232 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV ;gk¡ C v{kj miHkksx esa yxk;h tkus okyh vk; dks izdV djrk gSA vkSj S v{kj cpk;h gqbZ vk; dk lwpd
gSA vr%
Y = C + I rFkk Y = C + S

∵ C + I = C + S
∴ I= S

bl izdkj] Li"V gS fd fuos'k lnk gh cprksa osQ cjkcj gksrs gSaA bls gh ge vkfFkZd fLFkjrk ;k iw.kZ jkstxkj dh
fLFkfr dgrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa] oqQy vk; (Y) ;k rks miHkksx oLrqvksa (C) dh [kjhn ij O;; dj nh tkrh gS
vFkok ,slh oLrqvksa o lsokvksa (I) dh [kjhn ij] tks fd /u osQ vf/d mRiknu esa yxkbZ tkrh gSaA ijUrq tSls&tSls
vk; c<+rh gS oSls gh oSls yksxksa dh miHkksx&izo`fÙk (propensity to consume) de gksrh gS_ vU; 'kCnksa esa
pw¡fd vfrfjDr vk; dk ,d cM+k Hkkx [kpZ u djosQ cpk fy;k tkrk gS vr% yksxksa dh cpr&izo`fÙk
(propensity to save) c<+us yxrh gSA ;g cpkbZ gqbZ vk; vFkZO;oLFkk (economy) esa vfLFkjrk mRiUu
djrh gSA vr% vkfFkZd fLFkjrk cuk;s j[kus osQ fy,] vU; 'kCnksa esa] vk; rFkk jkstxkj dks izpfyr Lrj ij cuk;s
j[kus osQ fy,] ;g vR;Ur vko';d gS fd ?kVs gq, miHkksx osQ dkj.k mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh ek¡x esa deh osQ
izHkkoksa dks tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa ljdkjh [kpZ dk y{; ;g gksuk pkfg, fd cprksa o fuos'k osQ chp ;k vk;
vkSj O;; osQ chp vFkok ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ osQ chp lUrqyu cuk;s j[kk tk losQA

D;k vki tkurs gSa dhUl osQ vuqlkj cprsa lnk gh fuos'k dks cjkcj djus dh izo`fÙk j[krh gSaA

18-6 eUnh rFkk yksd O;; (Depression and Public Expenditure)

tSlk fd igys Hkh crk;k tk pqdk gS] eUnh (depression) vFkZO;oLFkk dh og fLFkfr gS ftlesa fd cprsa
fuos'k ls vf/d gksrh gSaA bldk ifjek.k ;g gksrk gS fd oqQy izHkkoh leFkZ ek¡x (aggregate effective
demand) de gks tkrh gS ftlls dhersa fxjus yxrh gSaA fxjrh gqbZ dherksa ls O;olkf;;ksa ,oa fofuekZrkvksa dks
bldh gkfu gksrh gS ftlls Hkfo"; esa mRiknu djus osQ izfr mudk fo'okl de gks tkrk gSA bldk ifjek.k ;g
gksrk gS fd os mRiknu esa dVkSrh djrs gSa ftlls jkstxkj de gksrk gSA bl izdkj] cM+h la[;k esa deZpkfj;ksa o
Jfedksa dh NaVuh dj nh tkrh gSA bldk ifjek.k ;g gksrk gS fd bu csjkstxkj Jfedksa o deZpkfj;ksa dk miHkksx
?kV tkrk gSA blls fiQj oqQy izHkkoh ek¡x de gks tkrh gS vkSj mRiknu rFkk jkstxkj esa iqu% dVkSfr;k¡ dh tkrh
gSaA blosQ iQyLo:i] oqQy miHkksx rFkk oqQy ek¡x esa vkSj deh gksrh gS rFkk ;gh Øe iqu% vkxs pyrk jgrk gSA

bl fLFkfr esa] ljdkj dks pkfg, fd og lkoZtfud fuekZ.k dh ifj;kstukvksa (public work projects) ij
yksxksa dks dke nsA dke ij yxs gq, bu yksxksa dks ljdkj ls etnwjh feyrh gS vkSj mlls fofHkUu oLrqvksa dh
mudh ek¡x esa o`f¼ gks tkrh gSA ;g c<+h gqbZ ek¡x mRiknu dh ek=kk dh o`f¼ esa lgk;d gksrh gS vkSj tc mRiknu
c<+rk gS rks mlls jkstxkj dh ek=kk Hkh c<+rh gS vkSj yksxksa dks dke feyrk gSA yksxksa dks vf/d jkstxkj feyus
ls fofHkUu oLrqvksa osQ fy, mudh oqQy izHkkoh ek¡x c<+ tkrh gS ftlls mRiknu dh ek=kk rFkk jkstxkj osQ voljksa
esa Hkh vkSj o`f¼ gksrh gSA o`f¼ dk ;g Øe blh izdkj vkxs pyrk jgrk gSA bl izdkj ?kVs gq, miHkksx osQ dkj.k
mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh ek¡x esa deh osQ izHkkoksa dks lkoZtfud fuekZ.k dk;ks± ij fuos'k O;; esa mruh gh o`f¼ djosQ
lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj bl rjg] ljdkjh [kpZ vkfFkZd fLFkjrk cuk;s j[kus esa enn dj ldrk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
226 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY