Page 235 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—18% yksd O;; osQ izHkko

uksV
pqdh gksrh gSA bl fLFkfr ls ljdkj dks pkfg, fd og viuh vk; ls de [kpZ djs vkSj djksa dks fLFkj cuk;s
j[ks] rkfd cs'kh dk ctV cu losQ vkSj eqnzkLiQhfr lEcU/h nckoksa dks jksdk tk losQA

18-7 vkfFkZd fodkl rFkk mUufr esa yksd O;; dk ;ksxnku (Role of Public Expendi-
ture in Economic Development and Growth)

vkfFkZd fodkl (economic development) 'kCn dk iz;ksx vU; dbZ ,sls gh 'kCnksa osQ lkFk feys&tqys :i
esa fd;k tkrk gS tSls fd vkfFkZd mUufr (economic growth), vk£Fkd dY;k.k (economic welfare)]
vk£Fkd izxfr (economic progress) rFkk nh?kZdkyhu ifjorZu (secular change) vkfnA ijUrq 'kqEihVj
(Schumpeter) rFkk Jherh mlqZyk fgDl (Mrs. Ursula Hicks) tSls vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us vkfFkZd fodkl ,oa
vkfFkZd mUufr tSls vkerkSj ij iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCnksa osQ chp Hksn fd;k gS vkfFkZd fodkl (economic
development) 'kCn dk iz;ksx vYifodflr ns'kksa dh leL;kvksa osQ lEcU/ esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vkfFkZd
mUufr (economic growth) 'kCn mUur ns'kksa dh leL;kvksa ls lEcU/ j[krk gSA Jherh fgDl dk dguk gS
fd vYifodflr ns'kksa (underdeveloped countries) dh leL;k;sa viz;qDr lk/uksa osQ fodkl ls lEcfU/r
gksrh gSa fdUrq mUur ns'kksa (advanced countries) dh leL;k,¡ igys ls gh iz;qDr fd;s tk jgs lk/uksa dh
vksj vf/d mUufr ls lEcfU/r gksrh gSaA vYifodflr ns'kksa dh leL;k rhozxfr ls vkfFkZd fodkl djus dh
vFkkZr~ lekt dh vk; rFkk iSnkokj esa rhoz o`f¼ djus dh gksrh gS fdUrq mUur rFkk fodflr ns'kksa dh leL;k
dk lEcU/ vkfFkZd fLFkjrk dks cuk;s j[kus ls rFkk lekt dh vk; rFkk iSnkokj esa ,d Øfed ,oa yxkrkj o`f¼
djus ls gksrk gSA vr% ;g ckr rks Li"V gS fd tgk¡ rd lekt dh vk; rFkk iSnkokj esa o`f¼ dk iz'u gSa]
vYifodflr ns'kksa dh leL;k,¡ fodflr ns'kksa dh leL;kvksa ls fHkUu gksrh gSaA rFkkfi] vk£Fkd fodkl rFkk

vk£Fkd mUufr esa ljdkjh [kpZ osQ ;ksxnku dk laf{kr foospu ;gk¡ Hkh fd;k tk;sxkA
fodflr rFkk vYifodflr ns'kksa dks ftl lcls cM+h leL;k dk lkeuk djuk gksrk gS og gS] jkstxkj rFkk
vkenfu;ksa esa o`f¼ djus dh leL;kA ljdkjh O;; dk dk;ZØe vusd yksxksa dks jkstxkj iznku djus esa izR;{k
:i ls lgk;d gksrk gSA blls oLrqvksa o lsokvksa osQ fy, bu yksxksa dh ek¡x esa o`f¼ gksrh gS ftlls jkstxkj osQ
volj Hkh vkSj c<+rs gSa dkj.k ;g gS fd ek¡x c<+us ls mRiknu esa Hkh o`f¼ gksrh gS ftlls vkSj vf/d yksxksa
dks jkstxkj feyrk gSA ijUrq ;g ckr osQoy rHkh lR; gksrh gS tc fd o`Qf"k rFkk m|ksxksa esa yxs mRiknu osQ lkèku
mruh {kerk ls mRiknu ugha dj jgs gksrs gS ftruk fd os dj ldrs gSaA ;g os igys ls gh mPpre ;k b"Vre
Lrj ij mRiknu dj jgs gksrs gSa] rks mRiknu rFkk jkstxkj esa o`f¼ dh lEHkkouk,¡ de gks tkrh gSaA bl izdkj]
ljdkjh [kpZ osQ dk;ZØe bl izdkj cuk;s tkus pkfg, fd ftuls mRiknu rks c<+s fdUrq mlosQ lkFk gh lkFk
mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh ek¡x Hkh c<+sA vU; 'kCnksa esa] ^vkfFkZd fLFkjrk osQ lkFk vkfFkZd izxfr* osQ fl¼kUr dks
viuk;k tkuk pkfg,A vr% ljdkjh O;; dk mís'; osQoy ek¡x esa o`f¼ dj nsuk gh ugha] cfYd xSj&ljdkjh
iszj.kk o lkgl dks izksRlkgu nsuk rFkk mldh U;wurkiwfrZ djuk Hkh gksuk pkfg,A ljdkj mRiknu fØ;kvksa rFkk
m|eksa esa izR;{k :i ls izos'k djus osQ fy;s Hkh ljdkjh O;; dj ldrh gS rkfd ek¡x vkSj iwfrZ (laHkj.k) osQ
chp lUrqyu cuk;s j[kus osQ y{; dks izkIr fd;k tk losQA

;fn ljdkjh [kpZ dks mnkjrk osQ lkFk oqQN vkfFkZd o lekftd egÙoiw.kZ enksa&vFkkZr~ f'k{kk rFkk tu&LokLF;]
ifjogu o lapkj rFkk fctyh vkfn osQ lk/uksa dh O;oLFkk ij O;; fd;k tk,] rks xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k dks rhozxfr
ls fuos'k djus rFkk mRiknu o`f¼ djus osQ fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gSA la{ksi esa] ljdkjh [kpZ dks pkfg,
og mRiknu dks cká fdiQk;rksa (external economies) dh O;oLFkk djus osQ fy, vkxs vk;s vkSj vkUrfjd
fdiQk;rksa (internal economies) dh O;oLFkk djus esa enn djsA blls mRiknu rFkk ek¡x nksuksa esa gh o`f¼

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 229
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY