Page 96 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV fp=k esa vk; OZ ;k DC thfodksiktZu (Subsistence) vk; dks crk;k x;k gS ftldh mi;ksfxrk ;gk¡ ugha
n'kkZ;h xbZ gSA ;gk¡ CE oØ ,oa CF oØ Øe'k% vk; ls izkIr oqQy mi;ksfxrk (Total utility) rFkk lhekUr
mi;ksfxrk (Marginal utility) dks iznf'kZr djrs gSaA vc eku yhft, djnkrk&A rFkk djnkrk&B dh vk;
thfodksiktZu vk; ls Øe'k% ZG rFkk ZH c<+ tkrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr eas djnkrk&A dks oqQy mi;ksfxrk IE rFkk
lhekUr mi;ksfxrk GF osQ cjkcj izkIr gksxhA blosQ foijhr djnkrk&B dks KJ osQ cjkcj oqQy mi;ksfxrk rFkk
HL osQ cjkcj lhekUr mi;ksfxrk izkIr gksxhA vc eku yhft, MG osQ cjkcj vk;&dj (Income Tax) yxk;k
tkrk gS rks iQyLo:i nksuksa djnkrkvksa dh mi;ksfxrk eas deh vk;sxhA

E
Y K
P 1
W
Y X
O U
utility
Total

C U I
D

utility
Marginal

L
F

O Z M T S V R N K H G

fp=k 5

leku iw.kZ R;kx osQ vUrxZr djnkrk&A, NG osQ cjkcj dj pqdk;sxk rFkk djnkrk&B, TH osQ cjkcj dj
pqdk;sxk vFkkZr~ oqQy dj dh jkf'k MG = NG + TH osQ cjkcj gksxhA ;fn djnkrk&A, NG osQ cjkcj dj
pqdk;sxk rks mldh oqQy mi;ksfxrk esa deh EP osQ cjkcj vk;sxh vFkkZr~ NG = EPA blosQ foijhr djnkrk&B
osQ }kjk TH dj pqdkus ls mldh KQ osQ cjkcj oqQy mi;ksfxrk esa deh vk;sxh TH = KQA
leku vkuqikfrd R;kx osQ vUrxZr djnkrk&A RG osQ rFkk djnkrk&B SH osQ cjkcj Hkqxrku djrk gS vkSj bl
izdkj oqQy Hkqxrku MG = RG + SH gksrk gSA tgk¡ RG = EW rFkk SH = KUA bl izdkj djnkrkvksa osQ
var fuEu izdkj gksaxsµ
A }kjk fd;k tkus okyk R;kx B }kjk fd;k tkus okyk R;kx
=
A dh oqQy mi;ksfxrk B dh oqQy mi;ksfxrk
W KU
vFkkZr~ =
EI KJ
leku lhekUr R;kx osQ vUrxZr djnkrk&A, VG rFkk djnkrk&B, VH osQ cjkcj Hkqxrku djrk gS vkSj bl izdkj
oqQy Hkqxrku MG = VG + VH osQ cjkcj fd;k tkrk gSA bu voLFkkvksa esa nksuksa djnkrk VN osQ cjkcj lhekUr
R;kx djsaxs fdUrq oqQy R;kx EX + KY osQ cjkcj gksxk tks fd U;wure gksrk gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa MG = RG + SH, tgk¡ RG = EW rFkk SH = KU

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
90 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY