Page 131 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% eqnzkLiQhfr % izÑfr ,oa izlkj

(7) iz'kklu esa f'kfFkyrk (Loose Administration)μ;fn ljdkjh iz'kklu f'kfFky gks tk;s rks turk dh uksV
laxzg izo`fÙk] ?kw¡l[kksjh rFkk vf/dkf/d ykHk dekus dh vknrksa dks izksRlkgu feyus yxrk gS D;ksafd
<hyh iz'kklu&O;oLFkk esa turk dks ljdkj ls Hk; ugha jgrkA blfy, tek[kksjh osQ iQyLo:i cktkj
esa eky dh Ñf=ke deh gks tkrh gS vkSj LiQhfr dk okrkoj.k cuus yxrk gSA
(c) vU; dkj.k (Other Causes): ljdkjh uhfr osQ vfrfjDr eqnzk&LiQhfr dks fuEu vU; dkj.k Hkh izksRlkfgr djrs gSaμ
(1) mRiknu esa f'kfFkyrk (Slackness in Production)μtc fdlh ns'k osQ mRiknu esa cgqr /hjs o`f¼ gks
vFkok mRiknu esa fxjkoV vk tk;s vkSj eqnzk dh ek=kk mruh gh jgs rks eqnzk&LiQhfr gks tkrh gSA mRiknu
esa f'kfFkyrk osQ fuEufyf[kr dkj.k gks ldrs gSaμ
(i) fdlh ns'k esa lw[kk iM+us ;k ck<+ vkus ls iQly u"V gks tkrh gSA blls m|ksxksa dks dPpk eky
feyus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA
(ii) vkS|ksfxd {ks=k esa gM+rky ;k rkykcUnh ls Hkh mRiknu esa fxjkoV vkrh gSA
(iii) ljdkjh uhfr ls Hkh mRiknu esa f'kfFkyrk vk ldrh gSA dj uhfr] ykblsal uhfr] O;kikj
'kqYd uhfr vkfn dk o.kZu blosQ iwoZ esa fd;k tk pqdk gSA
(2) ykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr (Cost-push Inflation)μykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr (Cost-push Inflation) dk izknqHkkZo
vR;f/d izHkko'khy ek¡x osQ dkj.k ugha gksrk gS cfYd mRiknu dh ykxrksa esa gqbZ o`f¼ osQ dkj.k gksrk
gSA ykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr lkekU;r% rhu izeq[k dkj.kksa ls mRiUu gksrh gSμizFke] etnwfj;ksa esa o`f¼_ f}rh;]
ykHkka'k esa o`f¼_ rFkk r`rh;] ljdkj }kjk Hkkjh ek=kk esa oLrqvksa ij dj yxk;k tkukA
dHkh&dHkh lk/u Lokeh fofHkUu izdkj osQ gFkd.Mksa dks viukdj viuh lsokvksa osQ ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ dj
ldus esa liQy gks tkrs gSaA ftu ns'kksa esa Je&'kfDr dh deh gS vFkok Jfed la?k 'kfDr'kkyh gS] ogk¡
izk;% etnwjh dh njksa eas o`f¼ gksrh jgrh gS ftlls fu£er eky dh vko';drk iM+rh gS ftldh iw£r O;kikfjd
cSadksa rFkk osQUnzh; cSadksa }kjk dh tkrh gSA ikWy b±ftx (Paul Einzing) osQ vuqlkj ;g LiQhfr oLrq ewY;ksa
dh o`f¼ osQ dkj.k gksrh gSA vr% bls ykxr&tfur LiQhfr (Cost-push Inflation) dgrs gSaA
tc Je vkUnksyu (Labour Movement) osQ iQyLo:i mRiknd etnwjh c<+kus osQ fy, ckè; gks tkrs
gSa rks m|ksxksa esa ykxr ewY; c<+ tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa izk;% mRiknu igys ftruk gh jgrk gSA vr% eqnzk
dk og Hkkx tks mRiknu esa dke esa vkrk] vc miHkksx osQ fy, pyu esa vk tkrk gSA blls Hkh
eqnzk&LiQhfr mRiUu gks tkrh gSA
dHkh&dHkh vius ykHkka'k (Profit-Margins) dks c<+kus osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls m|ksxifr;ksa }kjk fd;s x;s
laxfBr iz;klksa osQ dkj.k Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk esa ykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr mUur gks tkrh gSA tc m|ksxifr vius
ykHkka'kksa dks c<+kus dk iz;kl djrs gSa] rc fofHkUu oLrqvksa dh dherksa dk iqjkus Lrj ij dk;e jguk
lEHko ugha gksrk gSA ykHkka'kksa osQ c<+k;s tkus osQ ifj.kkeLo:i gqbZ ewY;&o`f¼ vFkZO;oLFkk dh
fØ;k'khyrk dks izHkkfor djrh gSA
ykHkka'k esa o`f¼ djus okys rRo eqnzk&LiQhfr dh n`f"V ls brus vf/d egRoiw.kZ ugha gksrs gSa ftrus fd
etnwjh esa o`f¼ djus okys rRoA blosQ nks izeq[k dkj.k gSaμizFke] lkekU;r% m|ksxifr vius ykHkka'k dks ,d
fuf'pr lhek ls vf/d ugha c<+kuk pkgrs gSaA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd os vius xzkgdksa dks ukjkt ugha djuk
pkgrs gSa rFkk f}rh;] ykHk fdlh oLrq osQ ewY; dk ,d NksVk&lk va'k gksrk gS ftlls fd ;fn ykHkka'k esa
FkksM+h&lh o`f¼ Hkh dj nh tk;] rc Hkh oLrq osQ ewY; ij cgqr vf/d izHkko ugha iM+sxkA bl izdkj
etnwfj;ksa dks c<+kus okys rRo ykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr dh n`f"V ls vf/d egRoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA ;fn Je la?k
'kfDr'kkyh gSa] rc os mRikndrk esa leku ek=kk esa o`f¼ fd;s fcuk gh viuh etnwfj;ksa esa o`f¼ djk ldus esa
liQy gks tkrs gSaA bl izdkj dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa etnwfj;ksa esa o`f¼ osQ ifj.kkeLo:i ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ gks tk;sxhA
mijksDr dkj.kksa osQ vfrfjDr ljdkj Hkh vusd oLrqvksa ij dj yxkrh gSA foozsQrk iz/ku cktkj (Sellers

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