Page 134 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV (5) cSadksa dh fØ;k,¡ (Banking Activities)μftu ns'kksa eas cSa¯dx O;oLFkk dk leqfpr fodkl gks tkrk
gS] muesa O;kikfjd cSad u osQoy lHkh izdkj osQ O;olk; vFkok m|ksxksa osQ fy, /u dh O;oLFkk djrs
gSa cfYd LowQVj] eksVjdkj] oL=k /qykbZ e'khu] jsÚhtjsVj vkfn miHkksDrk lkeku [kjhnus osQ fy,
miHkksDrk Í.k ;k miHkksDrk lk[k (Consumer’s Credit) dh O;oLFkk djrs gSa ftlls lk[k dh ek=kk
esa o`f¼ gksus yxrh gS D;ksafd izR;sd O;fDr cSadksa }kjk nh x;h lqfo/kvksa dk vf/dkf/d ykHk mBkus
osQ fy, mRlqd jgrk gSA bl izdkj lk[k ek=kk esa o`f¼ gksus ls lk[k izlkj (Credit Inflation) dh
fLFkfr mRiUu gks tkrh gSA

;fn vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fdlh fof'k"V {ks=k esa ykxr&o`f¼ LiQhfr izkjEHk gks tkrh gS] rc
og vFkZO;oLFkk osQ vU; {ks=kksa esa iSQy tkrh gSA

9-4 eqnzk&LiQhfr osQ izHkko (Effects of Inflation)

eqnzk&LiQhfr fofHkUu oxks± dks fHkUu&fHkUu izdkj ls izHkkfor djrh gSA blls oqQN le; rd vkfFkZd izxfr dks
cy rFkk jkstxkj&O;olk; dks izksRlkgu feyrk gS ijUrq bldh fujUrj o`f¼ vkfFkZd fodkl dh xfr dks f'kfFky
dj nsrh gS vkSj jkstxkj osQ Ïksr lw[kus yxrs gSaA eqnzk&LiQhfr Í.kh fdlkuksa dks Í.keqDr djrh gS ijUrq vR;Ur
ferO;f;rk ls thou fcrkus okyh eè;eoxhZ; turk dh cpr iw¡th dh Ø;&'kfDr de dj nsrh gSA bldk izHkko
;g gksrk gS fd yksxksa dk Hkfo"; esa cpr djus dk mRlkg de gks tkrk gSA okLro esa] eqnzk&LiQhfr dk lekt
osQ vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd thou ij O;kid izHkko iM+rk gSA vr% mldk vè;;u foLr`r :i ls
djuk mfpr gksxkA
vkfFkZd izHkko (Economic Effects)

(1) lkekU; turk dks d"V (Disadvantage to General Public)μeqnzk&LiQhfr oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ
ewY; esa o`f¼ dj nsrh gS ftlls lkekU; turk dks miHkksx osQ lc lk/u eg¡xs feyrs gSaA lkekU; :i
esa dksbZ O;fDr c<+rs gq, ewY;ksa dks ilUn ugha dj ldrkA c<+rs gq, ewY;ksa ls lkekU; turk esa u osQoy
vlUrks"k mRiUu gksrk gS cfYd mUgsa ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa ij izk;% vfo'okl gksus yxrk gSA ;g fLFkfr
fdlh Hkh iztkrkfU=kd ljdkj osQ fy, lq[kn ugha gks ldrhA okLro esa] eqnzk&izlkj vkSj iztkrU=k bu nksuksa
O;oLFkkvksa dk lkFk&lkFk pyuk dfBu gSA tSlk fd fofy;e eSo~QMksusy dk dFku gS] ¶eqnzk&LiQhfr
vkSj iztkrU=k vPNs thou lkFkh ugha gks ldrsA¸ (Inflation and Democracy are not congenial bed
fellows)A

(2) m|ksx dh mUufr (Benefit of Industry)μeqnzk&izlkj dh fLFkfr esa turk osQ ikl Ø;&'kfDr vfèkd
gksus osQ dkj.k m|ksxifr;ksa osQ ykHk dh nj c<+ tkrh gSA blosQ iQyLo:i os u osQoy iqjkus m|ksxksa esa
mRiknu c<+kus dh ps"Vk djrs gSa cfYd u;s&u;s m|ksxksa esa iw¡th yxkus dk iz;Ru djrs gSaA cSadksa osQ tek
dks"k c<+ tkrs gSaA ftlls og igys ls vf/d lk[k dk fuekZ.k dj ldrs gSa vkSj u;s&u;s {ks=kksa esa iw¡th
m/kj nsus yxrs gSaA bl izdkj vkS|ksfxd fodkl esa mUufr gksrh gSA

(3) O;kikj esa izxfr (Benefit to Trade)μeqnzk&LiQhfr ls vkS|ksfxd fodkl osQ lkFk&lkFk O;kikfjd
mUufr esa Hkh lgk;rk feyrh gS D;ksafd oLrqvksa dh ek¡x c<+ tkus ls O;kikjh oxZ Hkh cSadksa ls /u
vklkuh ls m/kj ys ldrs gSaA bl izdkj ewY;ksa esa LokHkkfod o`f¼ }kjk O;kikjh oxZ dks vf/d ykHk
dekus dk volj feyrk gSA ;g Lej.k j[kus dh ckr gS fd m|ksx rFkk O;kikj esa ;g mUufr osQoy
,slh voLFkk esa gks ldrh gS] tcfd ljdkj fons'kksa ls vkus okys eky ij mfpr fu;U=k.k j[ks] vU;Fkk

128 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY