Page 138 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV Í.ki=k vf/drj vYidkyhu gksus pkfg, rkfd turk dks mUgsa [kjhnus es dksbZ ladksp u gksA ljdkj
dks vU; ,sls dk;Z Hkh djus pkfg, ftlls turk dks viuh vk; dk ,d Hkkx cpkus esa izksRlkgu feysA
bu dk;ks± osQ ifj.kkeLo:i turk }kjk oLrqvksa dh ek¡x de dh tk;sxh ftlls oLrqvksa osQ ewY; esa
fLFkjrk vkus dh lEHkkouk gksxh vkSj lfØ; iw¡th dh ek=kk de gksus ls eqnzk&LiQhfr Hkh de gks tk;sxhA
(3) fofu;kstu ij fu;U=k.k (Controlling Investment)μeqnzk&LiQhfr dk ,d dkj.k ;g gksrk gS fd
m|ksxifr cSadksa ls m/kj ysdj ;k viuh tek dh gqbZ iw¡th dk gh fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa fofu;ksx djus yxrs
gSaA ;g iw¡th pyu esa vkus ls eqnzk dh ek=kk rks c<+ tkrh gS ijUrq mRiknu vkuqikfrd :i ls u c<+us
ls eqnzk&LiQhfr dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks tkrh gSA vr% ljdkj dks pkfg, fd LiQhfr dky esa osQoy ,sls
{ks=kksa esa iw¡th fofu;ksx (Capital Investment) dh vuqefr ns ftuls mRiknu rRdky vkSj i;kZIr ek=kk
esa izkIr fd;k tk losQA blfy, izk;% LiQhfr dky esa iw¡th fofu;ksx ij fu;U=k.k yxk fn;s tkrs gSaA xr
egk;q¼ vkSj mlosQ i'pkr~ yxHkx lHkh ns'kksa esa eqnzk&LiQhfr jksdus osQ fy, iw¡th fofu;ksx ij jksd yxk
nh x;h FkhA
(4) etnwjh cU/u (Freezing of Wages)μeqnzk&LiQhfr ij jksd yxkus osQ fy, izk;% etnwjh dks cfUèkr
djus dh uhfr viuk;h tkrh gS ftlosQ vuqlkj etnwj vkSj ekfyd feydj ;g le>kSrk dj ysrs gSa
fd vkxkeh 5 ;k 10 o"kZ rd etnwjh esa dksbZ o`f¼ ugha dh tk;sxhA dHkh&dHkh ljdkj Hkh ,slh ?kks"k.kk
dj nsrh gSA okLro esa] izR;sd ewY;&o`f¼ osQ lkFk ;fn etnwjh esa o`f¼ dj nh tk; rks blls ykxr esa
o`f¼ gksxh] ykxr&o`f¼ gksus ls ewY; c<+us yxsaxs] ewY; c<+us ls fiQj etnwjh esa o`f¼ dh ek¡x gksxhA
bl fo"ke pØ ls NqVdkjk ikuk dfBu gksxkA f}rh; egk;q¼ osQ i'pkr~ teZuh us vius vkfFkZd fodkl
osQ fy, etnwjh&cU/u dh uhfr viuk;h vkSj etnwjksa rFkk Jfedksa us etnwjh o`f¼ osQ fo"k; esa le>kSrs
dj fy;sA etnwjh&LiQhfr (Wage Inflation or Cost Inflation) jksdus osQ fy, ljdkj dks dM+h uhfr
viukuh iM+rh gSA

(5) mRiknu o`f¼ (Increasing Production)μmRiknu dh ek=kk esa o`f¼ ls Hkh eqnzk&LiQhfr dk izHkko de
gks tkrk gS D;ksafd oLrqvksa dh iw£r igys ls c<+ tkrh gSA vr% ljdkj }kjk ,sls m|ksxksa osQ okLrs ykblsal
fn;s tkus pkfg, ftuesa de iw¡th yxkuh iM+s vkSj 'kh?kz mRiknu }kjk miHkksDrkvksa dh vf/d ls vf/
d vko';drk,¡ iwjh dj losQA
(6) ewY; fu;U=k.k (Price Control)μLiQhfr de djus osQ fy, oLrq&ewY;ksa ij Hkh dM+s fu;U=k.k yxkus
pkfg, vkSj miHkksDrkvksa dks de eky [kjhnus osQ fy, izksRlkfgr djuk pkfg,A blosQ fy, fdjk;k [kjhn
(Hire Purchase) O;oLFkk ij jksd yxk nh tkuh pkfg,A cSadksa rFkk vU; Í.k nsus okyh laLFkkvksa dks
fdLr ij eky [kjhnus osQ fy, m/kj u nsus osQ dM+s vkns'k ns nsus pkfg,A bu nksuksa uhfr;ksa osQ lkewfgd
izHkkoLo:i oLrqvksa dh ek¡x de gksxh vkSj eqnzk&LiQhfr de gks tk;sxhA
(III) lgk;d rRo (Secondary Considerations)
(1) ewY; fu;U=k.k ,oa jk'ku O;oLFkk ykxw djuk (Adoption of Price Control and
Rationing)μeqnzk&LiQhfr osQ dkj.k oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ ewY;ksa esa tks o`f¼ gksrh gS] mldk izHkko
de djus osQ fy, ljdkj izk;% ewY; fu;U=k.k rFkk jk'ku O;oLFkk ykxw djrh gSA bl uhfr osQ vuqlkj
vko';d oLrq,¡] tSlsμvUu] oL=k] phuh] rsy vkfn dh mfpr ewY;ksa ij fcØh osQ fy, lLrh nqdkusa
[kksyh tkrh gSa vkSj izR;sd O;fDr dks jk'ku dkMZ osQ vk/kj ij ,d fuf'pr ek=kk mfpr ewY; ij nh
tkrh gSA blls yksxksa dks oqQN oLrq,¡ lLrh rks feyrh gSa ijUrq mudh ek=kk cgqr de gksrh gSA izk;% mu
oLrqvksa esa feykoV dj nh tkrh gS vkSj mUgsa izkIr djus esa cgqr vf/d le; [kpZ djuk iM+rk gSA
fu;U=k.k vkSj jk'ku O;oLFkk esa izk;% pksj&cktkjh gksrh gS vkSj O;kikjh yksx vfrfjDr ykHk

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