Page 135 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% eqnzkLiQhfr % izÑfr ,oa izlkj

fons'kh eky ls Li¼kZ djuk dfBu gks tkrk gSA fons'kksa ls lLrk eky vk;kr gksus ij ns'k osQ m|ksx&èkUèks uksV
cUn gksus yxrs gSa vkSj O;kikj dks Hkh gkfu igq¡prh gSA
blosQ vfrfjDr] eqnzk&LiQhfr dh fLFkfr fujUrj cuh jgus ij Jfed vf/d etnwjh rFkk cksul dh ek¡x
djus yxrs gSa ftlls m|ksxksa esa izk;% la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks tkrh gS vkSj gM+rky vkfn gksus ls
lkekftd 'kkfUr Hkax gksus yxrh gSA bu lcosQ iQyLo:i m|ksxksa esa mRiknu de gksus yxrk gS ftlls
ykHk dh ek=kk fxj tkrh gSA ftu ns'kksa esa Jfed la?k vlaxfBr gksrs gSa] ogk¡ eqnzk&LiQhfr osQ le;
m|ksx cgqr ykHk dek ysrs gSaA
(4) fdlkuksa dks lhfer ykHk (Limited Advantage to Agriculturiss)μÑf"k O;olk; dks eqnzk&LiQhfr
ls ykHk gksrk gS D;ksafd Ñf"k oLrqvksa osQ ewY; c<+ tkrs gSaA fdlkuksa dks vf/d ewY; feyus ls og Ñf"k
dh mUufr vf/d ljyrk ls dj ldrs gSa vkSj Í.k pqdk ldrs gSaA ;g Lej.k j[kuk mfpr gksxk fd
fdlkuksa dks m|ksxifr;ksa rFkk O;kikfj;ksa osQ leku ykHk ugha gksrk D;ksafd Ñf"k inkFkks± dh rqyuk esa fu£er
eky osQ ewY; izk;% vf/d c<+rs gSaA mUur ns'kksa esa fdlkuksa osQ thou&fuokZg osQ lk/u Hkh eg¡xs gks tkrs
gSa ftuesa muosQ vfrfjDr ykHk dk ,d Hkkx [kpZ gks tkrk gSA

(5) Jfed oxZ (Working Class)μeqnzk&LiQhfr dh O;oLFkk Jfedksa osQ fy, izk;% ykHknk;d gksrh gS
D;ksafd ,d rks m|ksxksa dk vf/d foLrkj gksus ls Jfedksa osQ ifjokj osQ lHkh O;fDr;ksa dks ;Fkksfpr
jkstxkj fey tkrk gS ftlls Jfed ifjokj dh oqQy vk; esa egRoiw.kZ o`f¼ gks tkrh gSA nwljs] eg¡xkbZ
dk izHkko n`f"Vxkspj gksus ij izk;% Jfed vf/d osru vkSj eg¡xkbZ&HkÙks vFkok cksul dh ek¡x
djus yxrs gSaA bl dky esa m|ksxifr Jfedksa dh ek¡x ij lgkuqHkwfr ls fopkj dj mUgsa lUrq"V j[kus
dk iz;Ru djrs gSa D;ksafd vlUrq"V gksus ij m|ksxifr;ksa dks vf/d gkfu gksus dh vk'kadk jgrh gSA bl
n`f"V ls eqnzk&LiQhfr dh fLFkfr Jfed osQ fy, lk/kj.kr;k ykHknk;d gksrh gS ijUrq eg¡xkbZ osQ fujUrj
c<+us ij mudh etnwjh dh nj fiNM+ tkrh gS vkSj muosQ fy, nSfud thou esa vkfFkZd dfBukb;k¡
mRiUu gksuh izkjEHk gks tkrh gSaA ns'k esa Jfed la?k ftrus vf/d 'kfDr'kkyh gksrs gSa] mruk gh
etnwj oxZ viuh osru o`f¼ dh ek¡x euokus esa liQy gksrk gSA
(6) fuf'pr vk; okyk oxZ (Fixed Income Class)μeqnzk&LiQhfr jkWfcugqM vFkok lqYrkuk MkowQ dh rjg
ugha gS tks vehj ls /u Nhudj xjhc dks nsrs Fks cfYd blosQ loZFkk foijhr gSA ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ gks tkus
ij vè;kid] nÝrjksa osQ DyoZQ] isa'ku izkIr djus okys o`¼] fu/Zu oxZ osQ yksx rFkk fo/ok fL=k;k¡ tks
fuf'pr vkenuh ls thou&fuokZg djrs gSa] cgqr ladVtud fLFkfr esa iM+ tkrs gSa D;ksafd mudks feyus
okyh fuf'pr ekSfnzd vk; vc igys ftruk lkeku vFkok lqfo/k,¡ izkIr ugha djk ldrhA mudh vk;
esa izk;% lkekU; o`f¼ gksrh gS ftlls fo'ks"k lgk;rk ugha feyrhA nwljh vksj /uh oxZ vfèkd /uh gksrk
tkrk gS vkSj lekt esa vkfFkZd fo"kerk c<+ tkrh gSA
(7) ljdkj (Government)μeqnzk&LiQhfr dky esa ljdkj dk [kpZ c<+ tkrk gS D;ksafd deZpkpkfj;ksa dks
osru Hkh vf/d nsus iM+rs gSa vkSj fuekZ.k dk;ks± ij O;; Hkh oLrq&ewY;ksa esa o`f¼ gks tkus ls c<+ tkrk
gS] vr% ljdkj dks viuh vk; c<+kus osQ fy, iqjkus djksa esa o`f¼ djuh iM+rh gS vkSj u;s dj yxkus
iM+rs gSaA bu djksa dk cks> m|ksxifr rFkk O;kikjh rks lgu dj ldrs gSa ijUrq tks vizR;{k dj yxk;s
tkrs gSa] mudk Hkkj lgu djus esa eè;e oxZ osQ yksxksa dks cgqr dfBukbZ gksrh gSA
eqnzk&LiQhfr dh voLFkk esa ljdkj osQ lkeus eqnzk esa turk dk fo'okl cuk;s j[kus dh leL;k
mRiUu gks tkrh gSA vR;f/d LiQhfr gks tkus ls eqnzk osQoy fofue; dk ekè;e jg tkrh gS] ewY;
ekid ;k rks Lo.kZ gksrk gS ;k fdlh vU; ns'k dh eqnzk dks ekuk tkrk gSA 1923 esa teZuh esa pyu eqnzk
(fofue; ekè;e) rks js.Vsu ekoZQ gh Fkh ijUrq ewY; ekid dk dke fLoV~tjyS.M osQ izsaQd vFkok
vesfjdk osQ Mkyj ls fy;k tkrk FkkA bl izdkj dh fLFkfr esa vkUrfjd O;kikj esa cgqr dfBukbZ mRiUu
gks tkrh gS vkSj eqnzk vius nks egRoiw.kZ dk;Z vFkkZr~ ^dks"k dk vk/kj* vkSj ^Hkkoh Hkqxrkuksa dk

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 129